[RFC PATCHv1 0/4] Push options in C Git

Allow a user to pass information along a push to the pre/post-receive hook on the remote.

When using a remote that is more than just a plain Git host (e.g. Gerrit,
Git{hub/lab}, etc) this may become more obvious: The (server backend specific)
push options can instruct the server to:
* open a pull request
* send out emails asking for review
* (un)trigger continuous integration
* set priority for continuous integration (i.e. bots pushing may ask to be
  treated with lower priority compared to humans)
* ... 

Most of these actions can be done on the client side as well, but in these remote-centric workflows it is easier to do that on the remote, which is why we need to transport the information there.

More concrete examples:
* When you want a change in Gerrit to be submitted to refs/heads/master, you
  push instead to a magic branch refs/for/master and Gerrit will create a change
  for you (similar to a pull request). Instead we could imagine that you push
  to a magical refs/heads/master with a push option "create-change".
  
* When pushing to Gerrit you can already attach some of this information by
  adding a '%' followed by the parameter to the ref, i.e. when interacting with
  Gerrit it is possible to do things like[1]:
    
    git push origin HEAD:refs/for/master%draft%topic=example%cc=jon.doe@example.org
  
  This is not appealing to our users as it looks like hacks upon hacks to make
  it work. It would read better if it was spelled as:
  
  git push origin HEAD:refs/for/master \
      --push-option draft \
      --push-option topic=example \
      --push-option cc=jon.doe@example.org
      
  (with a short form that is even easier to type,
   but this is is more intuitive already)

This is a patch series to Git core, which is developed at the same time as a change is proposed to JGit by Dan Wang, see [2].

This code is also available at [3].

Thanks, Stefan

[1] Not all Gerrit '%' options are documented, so here is a link to source code instead :( https://gerrit.googlesource.com/gerrit/+/refs/heads/master/gerrit-server/src/main/java/com/google/gerrit/server/git/ReceiveCommits.java#1141

[2] https://git.eclipse.org/r/#/c/74570/ 
 
[3] https://github.com/stefanbeller/git/tree/pushoptions

Stefan Beller (4):
  push options: {pre,post}-receive hook learns about push options
  receive-pack: implement advertising and receiving push options
  push: accept push options
  add a test for push options

 Documentation/config.txt                          |  7 +-
 Documentation/git-push.txt                        |  8 ++-
 Documentation/githooks.txt                        |  4 ++
 Documentation/technical/pack-protocol.txt         | 10 +--
 Documentation/technical/protocol-capabilities.txt |  8 +++
 builtin/push.c                                    | 16 ++++-
 builtin/receive-pack.c                            | 85 +++++++++++++++++++----
 send-pack.c                                       | 29 ++++++++
 send-pack.h                                       |  3 +
 t/t5544-push-options.sh                           | 85 +++++++++++++++++++++++
 transport.c                                       |  2 +
 transport.h                                       |  7 ++
 12 files changed, 242 insertions(+), 22 deletions(-)
 create mode 100755 t/t5544-push-options.sh