patch, 13 partsgettextize the first 4 C mainporcelain common commands

diff --git a/builtin/clone.c b/builtin/clone.c
index 19ed640..994d527 100644
--- a/builtin/clone.c
+++ b/builtin/clone.c
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
  * Clone a repository into a different directory that does not yet exist.
  */
 
-#include "cache.h"
+#include "builtin.h"
 #include "parse-options.h"
 #include "fetch-pack.h"
 #include "refs.h"
@@ -16,7 +16,6 @@
 #include "tree-walk.h"
 #include "unpack-trees.h"
 #include "transport.h"
-#include "strbuf.h"
 #include "dir.h"
 #include "pack-refs.h"
 #include "sigchain.h"

diff --git a/builtin/clone.c b/builtin/clone.c
index 994d527..0b595ba 100644
--- a/builtin/clone.c
+++ b/builtin/clone.c
@@ -205,7 +205,7 @@ static void setup_reference(const char *repo)
 	if (is_directory(mkpath("%s/.git/objects", ref_git)))
 		ref_git = mkpath("%s/.git", ref_git);
 	else if (!is_directory(mkpath("%s/objects", ref_git)))
-		die("reference repository '%s' is not a local directory.",
+		die(_("reference repository '%s' is not a local directory."),
 		    option_reference);
 
 	ref_git_copy = xstrdup(ref_git);
@@ -232,15 +232,15 @@ static void copy_or_link_directory(struct strbuf *src, struct strbuf *dest)
 
 	dir = opendir(src->buf);
 	if (!dir)
-		die_errno("failed to open '%s'", src->buf);
+		die_errno(_("failed to open '%s'"), src->buf);
 
 	if (mkdir(dest->buf, 0777)) {
 		if (errno != EEXIST)
-			die_errno("failed to create directory '%s'", dest->buf);
+			die_errno(_("failed to create directory '%s'"), dest->buf);
 		else if (stat(dest->buf, &buf))
-			die_errno("failed to stat '%s'", dest->buf);
+			die_errno(_("failed to stat '%s'"), dest->buf);
 		else if (!S_ISDIR(buf.st_mode))
-			die("%s exists and is not a directory", dest->buf);
+			die(_("%s exists and is not a directory"), dest->buf);
 	}
 
 	strbuf_addch(src, '/');
@@ -254,7 +254,7 @@ static void copy_or_link_directory(struct strbuf *src, struct strbuf *dest)
 		strbuf_setlen(dest, dest_len);
 		strbuf_addstr(dest, de->d_name);
 		if (stat(src->buf, &buf)) {
-			warning ("failed to stat %s\n", src->buf);
+			warning (_("failed to stat %s\n"), src->buf);
 			continue;
 		}
 		if (S_ISDIR(buf.st_mode)) {
@@ -264,16 +264,16 @@ static void copy_or_link_directory(struct strbuf *src, struct strbuf *dest)
 		}
 
 		if (unlink(dest->buf) && errno != ENOENT)
-			die_errno("failed to unlink '%s'", dest->buf);
+			die_errno(_("failed to unlink '%s'"), dest->buf);
 		if (!option_no_hardlinks) {
 			if (!link(src->buf, dest->buf))
 				continue;
 			if (option_local)
-				die_errno("failed to create link '%s'", dest->buf);
+				die_errno(_("failed to create link '%s'"), dest->buf);
 			option_no_hardlinks = 1;
 		}
 		if (copy_file_with_time(dest->buf, src->buf, 0666))
-			die_errno("failed to copy file to '%s'", dest->buf);
+			die_errno(_("failed to copy file to '%s'"), dest->buf);
 	}
 	closedir(dir);
 }
@@ -302,7 +302,7 @@ static const struct ref *clone_local(const char *src_repo,
 	ret = transport_get_remote_refs(transport);
 	transport_disconnect(transport);
 	if (0 <= option_verbosity)
-		printf("done.\n");
+		printf(_("done.\n"));
 	return ret;
 }
 
@@ -384,11 +384,11 @@ int cmd_clone(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			     builtin_clone_usage, 0);
 
 	if (argc > 2)
-		usage_msg_opt("Too many arguments.",
+		usage_msg_opt(_("Too many arguments."),
 			builtin_clone_usage, builtin_clone_options);
 
 	if (argc == 0)
-		usage_msg_opt("You must specify a repository to clone.",
+		usage_msg_opt(_("You must specify a repository to clone."),
 			builtin_clone_usage, builtin_clone_options);
 
 	if (option_mirror)
@@ -396,7 +396,7 @@ int cmd_clone(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 
 	if (option_bare) {
 		if (option_origin)
-			die("--bare and --origin %s options are incompatible.",
+			die(_("--bare and --origin %s options are incompatible."),
 			    option_origin);
 		option_no_checkout = 1;
 	}
@@ -415,7 +415,7 @@ int cmd_clone(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		repo = repo_name;
 	is_local = path && !is_bundle;
 	if (is_local && option_depth)
-		warning("--depth is ignored in local clones; use file:// instead.");
+		warning(_("--depth is ignored in local clones; use file:// instead."));
 
 	if (argc == 2)
 		dir = xstrdup(argv[1]);
@@ -425,8 +425,8 @@ int cmd_clone(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 
 	dest_exists = !stat(dir, &buf);
 	if (dest_exists && !is_empty_dir(dir))
-		die("destination path '%s' already exists and is not "
-			"an empty directory.", dir);
+		die(_("destination path '%s' already exists and is not "
+			"an empty directory."), dir);
 
 	strbuf_addf(&reflog_msg, "clone: from %s", repo);
 
@@ -435,7 +435,7 @@ int cmd_clone(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	else {
 		work_tree = getenv("GIT_WORK_TREE");
 		if (work_tree && !stat(work_tree, &buf))
-			die("working tree '%s' already exists.", work_tree);
+			die(_("working tree '%s' already exists."), work_tree);
 	}
 
 	if (option_bare || work_tree)
@@ -448,10 +448,10 @@ int cmd_clone(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	if (!option_bare) {
 		junk_work_tree = work_tree;
 		if (safe_create_leading_directories_const(work_tree) < 0)
-			die_errno("could not create leading directories of '%s'",
+			die_errno(_("could not create leading directories of '%s'"),
 				  work_tree);
 		if (!dest_exists && mkdir(work_tree, 0755))
-			die_errno("could not create work tree dir '%s'.",
+			die_errno(_("could not create work tree dir '%s'."),
 				  work_tree);
 		set_git_work_tree(work_tree);
 	}
@@ -462,7 +462,7 @@ int cmd_clone(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	setenv(CONFIG_ENVIRONMENT, mkpath("%s/config", git_dir), 1);
 
 	if (safe_create_leading_directories_const(git_dir) < 0)
-		die("could not create leading directories of '%s'", git_dir);
+		die(_("could not create leading directories of '%s'"), git_dir);
 	set_git_dir(make_absolute_path(git_dir));
 
 	if (0 <= option_verbosity)
@@ -524,7 +524,7 @@ int cmd_clone(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		transport = transport_get(remote, remote->url[0]);
 
 		if (!transport->get_refs_list || !transport->fetch)
-			die("Don't know how to clone %s", transport->url);
+			die(_("Don't know how to clone %s"), transport->url);
 
 		transport_set_option(transport, TRANS_OPT_KEEP, "yes");
 
@@ -563,8 +563,8 @@ int cmd_clone(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			strbuf_release(&head);
 
 			if (!our_head_points_at) {
-				warning("Remote branch %s not found in "
-					"upstream %s, using HEAD instead",
+				warning(_("Remote branch %s not found in "
+					"upstream %s, using HEAD instead"),
 					option_branch, option_origin);
 				our_head_points_at = remote_head_points_at;
 			}
@@ -573,7 +573,7 @@ int cmd_clone(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			our_head_points_at = remote_head_points_at;
 	}
 	else {
-		warning("You appear to have cloned an empty repository.");
+		warning(_("You appear to have cloned an empty repository."));
 		our_head_points_at = NULL;
 		remote_head_points_at = NULL;
 		remote_head = NULL;
@@ -615,8 +615,8 @@ int cmd_clone(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	} else {
 		/* Nothing to checkout out */
 		if (!option_no_checkout)
-			warning("remote HEAD refers to nonexistent ref, "
-				"unable to checkout.\n");
+			warning(_("remote HEAD refers to nonexistent ref, "
+				"unable to checkout.\n"));
 		option_no_checkout = 1;
 	}
 
@@ -652,7 +652,7 @@ int cmd_clone(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 
 		if (write_cache(fd, active_cache, active_nr) ||
 		    commit_locked_index(lock_file))
-			die("unable to write new index file");
+			die(_("unable to write new index file"));
 
 		err |= run_hook(NULL, "post-checkout", sha1_to_hex(null_sha1),
 				sha1_to_hex(our_head_points_at->old_sha1), "1",

diff --git a/builtin/clone.c b/builtin/clone.c
index 0b595ba..d1cf6dd 100644
--- a/builtin/clone.c
+++ b/builtin/clone.c
@@ -466,8 +466,10 @@ int cmd_clone(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	set_git_dir(make_absolute_path(git_dir));
 
 	if (0 <= option_verbosity)
-		printf("Cloning into %s%s...\n",
-		       option_bare ? "bare repository " : "", dir);
+		if (option_bare)
+			printf(_("Cloning into bare repository %s"), dir);
+		else
+			printf(_("Cloning into %s"), dir);
 	init_db(option_template, INIT_DB_QUIET);
 
 	/*

diff --git a/builtin/add.c b/builtin/add.c
index 56a4e0a..6578cdd 100644
--- a/builtin/add.c
+++ b/builtin/add.c
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ static void update_callback(struct diff_queue_struct *q,
 		const char *path = p->one->path;
 		switch (p->status) {
 		default:
-			die("unexpected diff status %c", p->status);
+			die(_("unexpected diff status %c"), p->status);
 		case DIFF_STATUS_UNMERGED:
 			/*
 			 * ADD_CACHE_IGNORE_REMOVAL is unset if "git
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ static void update_callback(struct diff_queue_struct *q,
 		case DIFF_STATUS_TYPE_CHANGED:
 			if (add_file_to_index(&the_index, path, data->flags)) {
 				if (!(data->flags & ADD_CACHE_IGNORE_ERRORS))
-					die("updating files failed");
+					die(_("updating files failed"));
 				data->add_errors++;
 			}
 			break;
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ static void update_callback(struct diff_queue_struct *q,
 			if (!(data->flags & ADD_CACHE_PRETEND))
 				remove_file_from_index(&the_index, path);
 			if (data->flags & (ADD_CACHE_PRETEND|ADD_CACHE_VERBOSE))
-				printf("remove '%s'\n", path);
+				printf(_("remove '%s'\n"), path);
 			break;
 		}
 	}
@@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ static void treat_gitlinks(const char **pathspec)
 					/* strip trailing slash */
 					pathspec[j] = xstrndup(ce->name, len);
 				else
-					die ("Path '%s' is in submodule '%.*s'",
+					die (_("Path '%s' is in submodule '%.*s'"),
 						pathspec[j], len, ce->name);
 			}
 		}
@@ -191,7 +191,7 @@ static void refresh(int verbose, const char **pathspec)
 		      pathspec, seen, "Unstaged changes after refreshing the index:");
 	for (i = 0; i < specs; i++) {
 		if (!seen[i])
-			die("pathspec '%s' did not match any files", pathspec[i]);
+			die(_("pathspec '%s' did not match any files"), pathspec[i]);
 	}
         free(seen);
 }
@@ -205,7 +205,7 @@ static const char **validate_pathspec(int argc, const char **argv, const char *p
 		for (p = pathspec; *p; p++) {
 			if (has_symlink_leading_path(*p, strlen(*p))) {
 				int len = prefix ? strlen(prefix) : 0;
-				die("'%s' is beyond a symbolic link", *p + len);
+				die(_("'%s' is beyond a symbolic link"), *p + len);
 			}
 		}
 	}
@@ -272,7 +272,7 @@ static int edit_patch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	git_config(git_diff_basic_config, NULL); /* no "diff" UI options */
 
 	if (read_cache() < 0)
-		die ("Could not read the index");
+		die (_("Could not read the index"));
 
 	init_revisions(&rev, prefix);
 	rev.diffopt.context = 7;
@@ -281,24 +281,24 @@ static int edit_patch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	rev.diffopt.output_format = DIFF_FORMAT_PATCH;
 	out = open(file, O_CREAT | O_WRONLY, 0644);
 	if (out < 0)
-		die ("Could not open '%s' for writing.", file);
+		die (_("Could not open '%s' for writing."), file);
 	rev.diffopt.file = xfdopen(out, "w");
 	rev.diffopt.close_file = 1;
 	if (run_diff_files(&rev, 0))
-		die ("Could not write patch");
+		die (_("Could not write patch"));
 
 	launch_editor(file, NULL, NULL);
 
 	if (stat(file, &st))
-		die_errno("Could not stat '%s'", file);
+		die_errno(_("Could not stat '%s'"), file);
 	if (!st.st_size)
-		die("Empty patch. Aborted.");
+		die(_("Empty patch. Aborted."));
 
 	memset(&child, 0, sizeof(child));
 	child.git_cmd = 1;
 	child.argv = apply_argv;
 	if (run_command(&child))
-		die ("Could not apply '%s'", file);
+		die (_("Could not apply '%s'"), file);
 
 	unlink(file);
 	return 0;
@@ -346,14 +346,14 @@ static int add_files(struct dir_struct *dir, int flags)
 		fprintf(stderr, ignore_error);
 		for (i = 0; i < dir->ignored_nr; i++)
 			fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", dir->ignored[i]->name);
-		fprintf(stderr, "Use -f if you really want to add them.\n");
-		die("no files added");
+		fprintf(stderr, _("Use -f if you really want to add them.\n"));
+		die(_("no files added"));
 	}
 
 	for (i = 0; i < dir->nr; i++)
 		if (add_file_to_cache(dir->entries[i]->name, flags)) {
 			if (!ignore_add_errors)
-				die("adding files failed");
+				die(_("adding files failed"));
 			exit_status = 1;
 		}
 	return exit_status;
@@ -385,9 +385,9 @@ int cmd_add(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	argv++;
 
 	if (addremove && take_worktree_changes)
-		die("-A and -u are mutually incompatible");
+		die(_("-A and -u are mutually incompatible"));
 	if (!show_only && ignore_missing)
-		die("Option --ignore-missing can only be used together with --dry-run");
+		die(_("Option --ignore-missing can only be used together with --dry-run"));
 	if ((addremove || take_worktree_changes) && !argc) {
 		static const char *here[2] = { ".", NULL };
 		argc = 1;
@@ -407,14 +407,14 @@ int cmd_add(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		  ? ADD_CACHE_IGNORE_REMOVAL : 0));
 
 	if (require_pathspec && argc == 0) {
-		fprintf(stderr, "Nothing specified, nothing added.\n");
-		fprintf(stderr, "Maybe you wanted to say 'git add .'?\n");
+		fprintf(stderr, _("Nothing specified, nothing added.\n"));
+		fprintf(stderr, _("Maybe you wanted to say 'git add .'?\n"));
 		return 0;
 	}
 	pathspec = validate_pathspec(argc, argv, prefix);
 
 	if (read_cache() < 0)
-		die("index file corrupt");
+		die(_("index file corrupt"));
 	treat_gitlinks(pathspec);
 
 	if (add_new_files) {
@@ -449,7 +449,7 @@ int cmd_add(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 					if (excluded(&dir, pathspec[i], DT_UNKNOWN))
 						dir_add_ignored(&dir, pathspec[i], strlen(pathspec[i]));
 				} else
-					die("pathspec '%s' did not match any files",
+					die(_("pathspec '%s' did not match any files"),
 					    pathspec[i]);
 			}
 		}
@@ -465,7 +465,7 @@ int cmd_add(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	if (active_cache_changed) {
 		if (write_cache(newfd, active_cache, active_nr) ||
 		    commit_locked_index(&lock_file))
-			die("Unable to write new index file");
+			die(_("Unable to write new index file"));
 	}
 
 	return exit_status;

diff --git a/builtin/add.c b/builtin/add.c
index 6578cdd..eed37bf 100644
--- a/builtin/add.c
+++ b/builtin/add.c
@@ -188,7 +188,7 @@ static void refresh(int verbose, const char **pathspec)
 		/* nothing */;
 	seen = xcalloc(specs, 1);
 	refresh_index(&the_index, verbose ? REFRESH_IN_PORCELAIN : REFRESH_QUIET,
-		      pathspec, seen, "Unstaged changes after refreshing the index:");
+		      pathspec, seen, _("Unstaged changes after refreshing the index:"));
 	for (i = 0; i < specs; i++) {
 		if (!seen[i])
 			die(_("pathspec '%s' did not match any files"), pathspec[i]);

diff --git a/builtin/branch.c b/builtin/branch.c
index 87976f0..50c15c1 100644
--- a/builtin/branch.c
+++ b/builtin/branch.c
@@ -133,12 +133,12 @@ static int branch_merged(int kind, const char *name,
 	if ((head_rev != reference_rev) &&
 	    in_merge_bases(rev, &head_rev, 1) != merged) {
 		if (merged)
-			warning("deleting branch '%s' that has been merged to\n"
-				"         '%s', but it is not yet merged to HEAD.",
+			warning(_("deleting branch '%s' that has been merged to\n"
+				"         '%s', but it is not yet merged to HEAD."),
 				name, reference_name);
 		else
-			warning("not deleting branch '%s' that is not yet merged to\n"
-				"         '%s', even though it is merged to HEAD.",
+			warning(_("not deleting branch '%s' that is not yet merged to\n"
+				"         '%s', even though it is merged to HEAD."),
 				name, reference_name);
 	}
 	return merged;
@@ -165,19 +165,19 @@ static int delete_branches(int argc, const char **argv, int force, int kinds)
 		remote = "";
 		break;
 	default:
-		die("cannot use -a with -d");
+		die(_("cannot use -a with -d"));
 	}
 
 	if (!force) {
 		head_rev = lookup_commit_reference(head_sha1);
 		if (!head_rev)
-			die("Couldn't look up commit object for HEAD");
+			die(_("Couldn't look up commit object for HEAD"));
 	}
 	for (i = 0; i < argc; i++, strbuf_release(&bname)) {
 		strbuf_branchname(&bname, argv[i]);
 		if (kinds == REF_LOCAL_BRANCH && !strcmp(head, bname.buf)) {
-			error("Cannot delete the branch '%s' "
-			      "which you are currently on.", bname.buf);
+			error(_("Cannot delete the branch '%s' "
+			      "which you are currently on."), bname.buf);
 			ret = 1;
 			continue;
 		}
@@ -186,7 +186,7 @@ static int delete_branches(int argc, const char **argv, int force, int kinds)
 
 		name = xstrdup(mkpath(fmt, bname.buf));
 		if (!resolve_ref(name, sha1, 1, NULL)) {
-			error("%sbranch '%s' not found.",
+			error(_("%sbranch '%s' not found."),
 					remote, bname.buf);
 			ret = 1;
 			continue;
@@ -194,31 +194,31 @@ static int delete_branches(int argc, const char **argv, int force, int kinds)
 
 		rev = lookup_commit_reference(sha1);
 		if (!rev) {
-			error("Couldn't look up commit object for '%s'", name);
+			error(_("Couldn't look up commit object for '%s'"), name);
 			ret = 1;
 			continue;
 		}
 
 		if (!force && !branch_merged(kinds, bname.buf, rev, head_rev)) {
-			error("The branch '%s' is not fully merged.\n"
+			error(_("The branch '%s' is not fully merged.\n"
 			      "If you are sure you want to delete it, "
-			      "run 'git branch -D %s'.", bname.buf, bname.buf);
+			      "run 'git branch -D %s'."), bname.buf, bname.buf);
 			ret = 1;
 			continue;
 		}
 
 		if (delete_ref(name, sha1, 0)) {
-			error("Error deleting %sbranch '%s'", remote,
+			error(_("Error deleting %sbranch '%s'"), remote,
 			      bname.buf);
 			ret = 1;
 		} else {
 			struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
-			printf("Deleted %sbranch %s (was %s).\n", remote,
+			printf(_("Deleted %sbranch %s (was %s).\n"), remote,
 			       bname.buf,
 			       find_unique_abbrev(sha1, DEFAULT_ABBREV));
 			strbuf_addf(&buf, "branch.%s", bname.buf);
 			if (git_config_rename_section(buf.buf, NULL) < 0)
-				warning("Update of config-file failed");
+				warning(_("Update of config-file failed"));
 			strbuf_release(&buf);
 		}
 	}
@@ -300,7 +300,7 @@ static int append_ref(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1, int flags,
 	if (ref_list->verbose || ref_list->with_commit || merge_filter != NO_FILTER) {
 		commit = lookup_commit_reference_gently(sha1, 1);
 		if (!commit) {
-			cb->ret = error("branch '%s' does not point at a commit", refname);
+			cb->ret = error(_("branch '%s' does not point at a commit"), refname);
 			return 0;
 		}
 
@@ -540,7 +540,7 @@ static int print_ref_list(int kinds, int detached, int verbose, int abbrev, stru
 	free_ref_list(&ref_list);
 
 	if (cb.ret)
-		error("some refs could not be read");
+		error(_("some refs could not be read"));
 
 	return cb.ret;
 }
@@ -553,7 +553,7 @@ static void rename_branch(const char *oldname, const char *newname, int force)
 	int recovery = 0;
 
 	if (!oldname)
-		die("cannot rename the current branch while not on any.");
+		die(_("cannot rename the current branch while not on any."));
 
 	if (strbuf_check_branch_ref(&oldref, oldname)) {
 		/*
@@ -563,35 +563,35 @@ static void rename_branch(const char *oldname, const char *newname, int force)
 		if (resolve_ref(oldref.buf, sha1, 1, NULL))
 			recovery = 1;
 		else
-			die("Invalid branch name: '%s'", oldname);
+			die(_("Invalid branch name: '%s'"), oldname);
 	}
 
 	if (strbuf_check_branch_ref(&newref, newname))
-		die("Invalid branch name: '%s'", newname);
+		die(_("Invalid branch name: '%s'"), newname);
 
 	if (resolve_ref(newref.buf, sha1, 1, NULL) && !force)
-		die("A branch named '%s' already exists.", newref.buf + 11);
+		die(_("A branch named '%s' already exists."), newref.buf + 11);
 
 	strbuf_addf(&logmsg, "Branch: renamed %s to %s",
 		 oldref.buf, newref.buf);
 
 	if (rename_ref(oldref.buf, newref.buf, logmsg.buf))
-		die("Branch rename failed");
+		die(_("Branch rename failed"));
 	strbuf_release(&logmsg);
 
 	if (recovery)
-		warning("Renamed a misnamed branch '%s' away", oldref.buf + 11);
+		warning(_("Renamed a misnamed branch '%s' away"), oldref.buf + 11);
 
 	/* no need to pass logmsg here as HEAD didn't really move */
 	if (!strcmp(oldname, head) && create_symref("HEAD", newref.buf, NULL))
-		die("Branch renamed to %s, but HEAD is not updated!", newname);
+		die(_("Branch renamed to %s, but HEAD is not updated!"), newname);
 
 	strbuf_addf(&oldsection, "branch.%s", oldref.buf + 11);
 	strbuf_release(&oldref);
 	strbuf_addf(&newsection, "branch.%s", newref.buf + 11);
 	strbuf_release(&newref);
 	if (git_config_rename_section(oldsection.buf, newsection.buf) < 0)
-		die("Branch is renamed, but update of config-file failed");
+		die(_("Branch is renamed, but update of config-file failed"));
 	strbuf_release(&oldsection);
 	strbuf_release(&newsection);
 }
@@ -606,7 +606,7 @@ static int opt_parse_merge_filter(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int
 	if (!arg)
 		arg = "HEAD";
 	if (get_sha1(arg, merge_filter_ref))
-		die("malformed object name %s", arg);
+		die(_("malformed object name %s"), arg);
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -676,13 +676,13 @@ int cmd_branch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 
 	head = resolve_ref("HEAD", head_sha1, 0, NULL);
 	if (!head)
-		die("Failed to resolve HEAD as a valid ref.");
+		die(_("Failed to resolve HEAD as a valid ref."));
 	head = xstrdup(head);
 	if (!strcmp(head, "HEAD")) {
 		detached = 1;
 	} else {
 		if (prefixcmp(head, "refs/heads/"))
-			die("HEAD not found below refs/heads!");
+			die(_("HEAD not found below refs/heads!"));
 		head += 11;
 	}
 	hashcpy(merge_filter_ref, head_sha1);
@@ -702,7 +702,7 @@ int cmd_branch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		rename_branch(argv[0], argv[1], rename > 1);
 	else if (argc <= 2) {
 		if (kinds != REF_LOCAL_BRANCH)
-			die("-a and -r options to 'git branch' do not make sense with a branch name");
+			die(_("-a and -r options to 'git branch' do not make sense with a branch name"));
 		create_branch(head, argv[0], (argc == 2) ? argv[1] : head,
 			      force_create, reflog, track);
 	} else

diff --git a/builtin/branch.c b/builtin/branch.c
index 50c15c1..8802033 100644
--- a/builtin/branch.c
+++ b/builtin/branch.c
@@ -157,7 +157,8 @@ static int delete_branches(int argc, const char **argv, int force, int kinds)
 	switch (kinds) {
 	case REF_REMOTE_BRANCH:
 		fmt = "refs/remotes/%s";
-		remote = "remote ";
+		/* TRANSLATORS: This is "remote " in "remote branch '%s' not found" */
+		remote = _("remote ");
 		force = 1;
 		break;
 	case REF_LOCAL_BRANCH:

diff --git a/builtin/branch.c b/builtin/branch.c
index 8802033..59e71fc 100644
--- a/builtin/branch.c
+++ b/builtin/branch.c
@@ -378,11 +378,11 @@ static void fill_tracking_info(struct strbuf *stat, const char *branch_name,
 		strbuf_addf(stat, "%s: ",
 			shorten_unambiguous_ref(branch->merge[0]->dst, 0));
 	if (!ours)
-		strbuf_addf(stat, "behind %d] ", theirs);
+		strbuf_addf(stat, _("behind %d] "), theirs);
 	else if (!theirs)
-		strbuf_addf(stat, "ahead %d] ", ours);
+		strbuf_addf(stat, _("ahead %d] "), ours);
 	else
-		strbuf_addf(stat, "ahead %d, behind %d] ", ours, theirs);
+		strbuf_addf(stat, _("ahead %d, behind %d] "), ours, theirs);
 }
 
 static int matches_merge_filter(struct commit *commit)

diff --git a/builtin/branch.c b/builtin/branch.c
index 59e71fc..fc6c4c3 100644
--- a/builtin/branch.c
+++ b/builtin/branch.c
@@ -481,7 +481,7 @@ static void show_detached(struct ref_list *ref_list)
 
 	if (head_commit && is_descendant_of(head_commit, ref_list->with_commit)) {
 		struct ref_item item;
-		item.name = xstrdup("(no branch)");
+		item.name = xstrdup(_("(no branch)"));
 		item.len = strlen(item.name);
 		item.kind = REF_LOCAL_BRANCH;
 		item.dest = NULL;

diff --git a/builtin/checkout.c b/builtin/checkout.c
index 97bf2ec..a096e3d 100644
--- a/builtin/checkout.c
+++ b/builtin/checkout.c
@@ -103,9 +103,10 @@ static int check_stage(int stage, struct cache_entry *ce, int pos)
 			return 0;
 		pos++;
 	}
-	return error("path '%s' does not have %s version",
-		     ce->name,
-		     (stage == 2) ? "our" : "their");
+	if (stage == 2)
+		return error(_("path '%s' does not have our version"), ce->name);
+	else
+		return error(_("path '%s' does not have their version"), ce->name);
 }
 
 static int check_all_stages(struct cache_entry *ce, int pos)
@@ -130,9 +131,10 @@ static int checkout_stage(int stage, struct cache_entry *ce, int pos,
 			return checkout_entry(active_cache[pos], state, NULL);
 		pos++;
 	}
-	return error("path '%s' does not have %s version",
-		     ce->name,
-		     (stage == 2) ? "our" : "their");
+	if (stage == 2)
+		return error(_("path '%s' does not have our version"), ce->name);
+	else
+		return error(_("path '%s' does not have their version"), ce->name);
 }
 
 static int checkout_merged(int pos, struct checkout *state)

diff --git a/builtin/checkout.c b/builtin/checkout.c
index a096e3d..a7033a0 100644
--- a/builtin/checkout.c
+++ b/builtin/checkout.c
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ static int check_all_stages(struct cache_entry *ce, int pos)
 	    ce_stage(active_cache[pos+1]) != 2 ||
 	    strcmp(active_cache[pos+2]->name, ce->name) ||
 	    ce_stage(active_cache[pos+2]) != 3)
-		return error("path '%s' does not have all three versions",
+		return error(_("path '%s' does not have all three versions"),
 			     ce->name);
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ static int checkout_merged(int pos, struct checkout *state)
 	    ce_stage(active_cache[pos+1]) != 2 ||
 	    strcmp(active_cache[pos+2]->name, path) ||
 	    ce_stage(active_cache[pos+2]) != 3)
-		return error("path '%s' does not have all 3 versions", path);
+		return error(_("path '%s' does not have all 3 versions"), path);
 
 	read_mmblob(&ancestor, active_cache[pos]->sha1);
 	read_mmblob(&ours, active_cache[pos+1]->sha1);
@@ -169,7 +169,7 @@ static int checkout_merged(int pos, struct checkout *state)
 	free(theirs.ptr);
 	if (status < 0 || !result_buf.ptr) {
 		free(result_buf.ptr);
-		return error("path '%s': cannot merge", path);
+		return error(_("path '%s': cannot merge"), path);
 	}
 
 	/*
@@ -186,12 +186,12 @@ static int checkout_merged(int pos, struct checkout *state)
 	 */
 	if (write_sha1_file(result_buf.ptr, result_buf.size,
 			    blob_type, sha1))
-		die("Unable to add merge result for '%s'", path);
+		die(_("Unable to add merge result for '%s'"), path);
 	ce = make_cache_entry(create_ce_mode(active_cache[pos+1]->ce_mode),
 			      sha1,
 			      path, 2, 0);
 	if (!ce)
-		die("make_cache_entry failed for path '%s'", path);
+		die(_("make_cache_entry failed for path '%s'"), path);
 	status = checkout_entry(ce, state, NULL);
 	return status;
 }
@@ -213,7 +213,7 @@ static int checkout_paths(struct tree *source_tree, const char **pathspec,
 
 	newfd = hold_locked_index(lock_file, 1);
 	if (read_cache_preload(pathspec) < 0)
-		return error("corrupt index file");
+		return error(_("corrupt index file"));
 
 	if (source_tree)
 		read_tree_some(source_tree, pathspec);
@@ -241,14 +241,14 @@ static int checkout_paths(struct tree *source_tree, const char **pathspec,
 			if (!ce_stage(ce))
 				continue;
 			if (opts->force) {
-				warning("path '%s' is unmerged", ce->name);
+				warning(_("path '%s' is unmerged"), ce->name);
 			} else if (stage) {
 				errs |= check_stage(stage, ce, pos);
 			} else if (opts->merge) {
 				errs |= check_all_stages(ce, pos);
 			} else {
 				errs = 1;
-				error("path '%s' is unmerged", ce->name);
+				error(_("path '%s' is unmerged"), ce->name);
 			}
 			pos = skip_same_name(ce, pos) - 1;
 		}
@@ -277,7 +277,7 @@ static int checkout_paths(struct tree *source_tree, const char **pathspec,
 
 	if (write_cache(newfd, active_cache, active_nr) ||
 	    commit_locked_index(lock_file))
-		die("unable to write new index file");
+		die(_("unable to write new index file"));
 
 	resolve_ref("HEAD", rev, 0, &flag);
 	head = lookup_commit_reference_gently(rev, 1);
@@ -294,7 +294,7 @@ static void show_local_changes(struct object *head, struct diff_options *opts)
 	rev.diffopt.flags = opts->flags;
 	rev.diffopt.output_format |= DIFF_FORMAT_NAME_STATUS;
 	if (diff_setup_done(&rev.diffopt) < 0)
-		die("diff_setup_done failed");
+		die(_("diff_setup_done failed"));
 	add_pending_object(&rev, head, NULL);
 	run_diff_index(&rev, 0);
 }
@@ -368,7 +368,7 @@ static int merge_working_tree(struct checkout_opts *opts,
 	int newfd = hold_locked_index(lock_file, 1);
 
 	if (read_cache_preload(NULL) < 0)
-		return error("corrupt index file");
+		return error(_("corrupt index file"));
 
 	resolve_undo_clear();
 	if (opts->force) {
@@ -390,7 +390,7 @@ static int merge_working_tree(struct checkout_opts *opts,
 		refresh_cache(REFRESH_QUIET);
 
 		if (unmerged_cache()) {
-			error("you need to resolve your current index first");
+			error(_("you need to resolve your current index first"));
 			return 1;
 		}
 
@@ -475,7 +475,7 @@ static int merge_working_tree(struct checkout_opts *opts,
 
 	if (write_cache(newfd, active_cache, active_nr) ||
 	    commit_locked_index(lock_file))
-		die("unable to write new index file");
+		die(_("unable to write new index file"));
 
 	if (!opts->force && !opts->quiet)
 		show_local_changes(&new->commit->object, &opts->diff_options);
@@ -524,7 +524,7 @@ static void update_refs_for_switch(struct checkout_opts *opts,
 				temp = log_all_ref_updates;
 				log_all_ref_updates = 1;
 				if (log_ref_setup(ref_name, log_file, sizeof(log_file))) {
-					fprintf(stderr, "Can not do reflog for '%s'\n",
+					fprintf(stderr, _("Can not do reflog for '%s'\n"),
 					    opts->new_orphan_branch);
 					log_all_ref_updates = temp;
 					return;
@@ -550,14 +550,14 @@ static void update_refs_for_switch(struct checkout_opts *opts,
 		create_symref("HEAD", new->path, msg.buf);
 		if (!opts->quiet) {
 			if (old->path && !strcmp(new->path, old->path))
-				fprintf(stderr, "Already on '%s'\n",
+				fprintf(stderr, _("Already on '%s'\n"),
 					new->name);
 			else if (opts->new_branch)
 				fprintf(stderr, "Switched to%s branch '%s'\n",
 					opts->branch_exists ? " and reset" : " a new",
 					new->name);
 			else
-				fprintf(stderr, "Switched to branch '%s'\n",
+				fprintf(stderr, _("Switched to branch '%s'\n"),
 					new->name);
 		}
 		if (old->path && old->name) {
@@ -602,7 +602,7 @@ static int switch_branches(struct checkout_opts *opts, struct branch_info *new)
 		new->name = "HEAD";
 		new->commit = old.commit;
 		if (!new->commit)
-			die("You are on a branch yet to be born");
+			die(_("You are on a branch yet to be born"));
 		parse_commit(new->commit);
 	}
 
@@ -731,7 +731,7 @@ int cmd_checkout(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 
 	/* we can assume from now on new_branch = !new_branch_force */
 	if (opts.new_branch && opts.new_branch_force)
-		die("-B cannot be used with -b");
+		die(_("-B cannot be used with -b"));
 
 	/* copy -B over to -b, so that we can just check the latter */
 	if (opts.new_branch_force)
@@ -739,28 +739,28 @@ int cmd_checkout(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 
 	if (patch_mode && (opts.track > 0 || opts.new_branch
 			   || opts.new_branch_log || opts.merge || opts.force))
-		die ("--patch is incompatible with all other options");
+		die (_("--patch is incompatible with all other options"));
 
 	/* --track without -b should DWIM */
 	if (0 < opts.track && !opts.new_branch) {
 		const char *argv0 = argv[0];
 		if (!argc || !strcmp(argv0, "--"))
-			die ("--track needs a branch name");
+			die (_("--track needs a branch name"));
 		if (!prefixcmp(argv0, "refs/"))
 			argv0 += 5;
 		if (!prefixcmp(argv0, "remotes/"))
 			argv0 += 8;
 		argv0 = strchr(argv0, '/');
 		if (!argv0 || !argv0[1])
-			die ("Missing branch name; try -b");
+			die (_("Missing branch name; try -b"));
 		opts.new_branch = argv0 + 1;
 	}
 
 	if (opts.new_orphan_branch) {
 		if (opts.new_branch)
-			die("--orphan and -b|-B are mutually exclusive");
+			die(_("--orphan and -b|-B are mutually exclusive"));
 		if (opts.track > 0)
-			die("--orphan cannot be used with -t");
+			die(_("--orphan cannot be used with -t"));
 		opts.new_branch = opts.new_orphan_branch;
 	}
 
@@ -770,7 +770,7 @@ int cmd_checkout(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	}
 
 	if (opts.force && opts.merge)
-		die("git checkout: -f and -m are incompatible");
+		die(_("git checkout: -f and -m are incompatible"));
 
 	/*
 	 * case 1: git checkout <ref> -- [<paths>]
@@ -816,7 +816,7 @@ int cmd_checkout(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 
 		if (get_sha1_mb(arg, rev)) {
 			if (has_dash_dash)          /* case (1) */
-				die("invalid reference: %s", arg);
+				die(_("invalid reference: %s"), arg);
 			if (!patch_mode &&
 			    dwim_new_local_branch &&
 			    opts.track == BRANCH_TRACK_UNSPECIFIED &&
@@ -853,7 +853,7 @@ int cmd_checkout(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			source_tree = parse_tree_indirect(rev);
 
 		if (!source_tree)                   /* case (1): want a tree */
-			die("reference is not a tree: %s", arg);
+			die(_("reference is not a tree: %s"), arg);
 		if (!has_dash_dash) {/* case (3 -> 1) */
 			/*
 			 * Do not complain the most common case
@@ -879,7 +879,7 @@ no_reference:
 		const char **pathspec = get_pathspec(prefix, argv);
 
 		if (!pathspec)
-			die("invalid path specification");
+			die(_("invalid path specification"));
 
 		if (patch_mode)
 			return interactive_checkout(new.name, pathspec, &opts);
@@ -887,14 +887,14 @@ no_reference:
 		/* Checkout paths */
 		if (opts.new_branch) {
 			if (argc == 1) {
-				die("git checkout: updating paths is incompatible with switching branches.\nDid you intend to checkout '%s' which can not be resolved as commit?", argv[0]);
+				die(_("git checkout: updating paths is incompatible with switching branches.\nDid you intend to checkout '%s' which can not be resolved as commit?"), argv[0]);
 			} else {
-				die("git checkout: updating paths is incompatible with switching branches.");
+				die(_("git checkout: updating paths is incompatible with switching branches."));
 			}
 		}
 
 		if (1 < !!opts.writeout_stage + !!opts.force + !!opts.merge)
-			die("git checkout: --ours/--theirs, --force and --merge are incompatible when\nchecking out of the index.");
+			die(_("git checkout: --ours/--theirs, --force and --merge are incompatible when\nchecking out of the index."));
 
 		return checkout_paths(source_tree, pathspec, &opts);
 	}
@@ -905,22 +905,22 @@ no_reference:
 	if (opts.new_branch) {
 		struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 		if (strbuf_check_branch_ref(&buf, opts.new_branch))
-			die("git checkout: we do not like '%s' as a branch name.",
+			die(_("git checkout: we do not like '%s' as a branch name."),
 			    opts.new_branch);
 		if (!get_sha1(buf.buf, rev)) {
 			opts.branch_exists = 1;
 			if (!opts.new_branch_force)
-				die("git checkout: branch %s already exists",
+				die(_("git checkout: branch %s already exists"),
 				    opts.new_branch);
 		}
 		strbuf_release(&buf);
 	}
 
 	if (new.name && !new.commit) {
-		die("Cannot switch branch to a non-commit.");
+		die(_("Cannot switch branch to a non-commit."));
 	}
 	if (opts.writeout_stage)
-		die("--ours/--theirs is incompatible with switching branches.");
+		die(_("--ours/--theirs is incompatible with switching branches."));
 
 	return switch_branches(&opts, &new);
 }

diff --git a/builtin/checkout.c b/builtin/checkout.c
index a7033a0..79cbcef 100644
--- a/builtin/checkout.c
+++ b/builtin/checkout.c
@@ -574,7 +574,7 @@ static void update_refs_for_switch(struct checkout_opts *opts,
 		if (!opts->quiet) {
 			if (old->path && advice_detached_head)
 				detach_advice(old->path, new->name);
-			describe_detached_head("HEAD is now at", new->commit);
+			describe_detached_head(_("HEAD is now at"), new->commit);
 		}
 	}
 	remove_branch_state();
@@ -616,7 +616,7 @@ static int switch_branches(struct checkout_opts *opts, struct branch_info *new)
 	 * to remind the user that it might be lost.
 	 */
 	if (!opts->quiet && !old.path && old.commit && new->commit != old.commit)
-		describe_detached_head("Previous HEAD position was", old.commit);
+		describe_detached_head(_("Previous HEAD position was"), old.commit);
 
 	update_refs_for_switch(opts, &old, new);
 

diff --git a/builtin/checkout.c b/builtin/checkout.c
index 79cbcef..8d8649a 100644
--- a/builtin/checkout.c
+++ b/builtin/checkout.c
@@ -553,9 +553,10 @@ static void update_refs_for_switch(struct checkout_opts *opts,
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Already on '%s'\n"),
 					new->name);
 			else if (opts->new_branch)
-				fprintf(stderr, "Switched to%s branch '%s'\n",
-					opts->branch_exists ? " and reset" : " a new",
-					new->name);
+				if (opts->branch_exists)
+					fprintf(stderr, _("Switched to and reset branch '%s'\n"), new->name);
+				else
+					fprintf(stderr, _("Switched to a new branch '%s'\n"), new->name);
 			else
 				fprintf(stderr, _("Switched to branch '%s'\n"),
 					new->name);

diff --git a/builtin/commit.c b/builtin/commit.c
index 66fdd22..cabf6e3 100644
--- a/builtin/commit.c
+++ b/builtin/commit.c
@@ -241,7 +241,7 @@ static void add_remove_files(struct string_list *list)
 
 		if (!lstat(p->string, &st)) {
 			if (add_to_cache(p->string, &st, 0))
-				die("updating files failed");
+				die(_("updating files failed"));
 		} else
 			remove_file_from_cache(p->string);
 	}
@@ -268,7 +268,7 @@ static void create_base_index(void)
 	opts.fn = oneway_merge;
 	tree = parse_tree_indirect(head_sha1);
 	if (!tree)
-		die("failed to unpack HEAD tree object");
+		die(_("failed to unpack HEAD tree object"));
 	parse_tree(tree);
 	init_tree_desc(&t, tree->buffer, tree->size);
 	if (unpack_trees(1, &t, &opts))
@@ -296,9 +296,9 @@ static char *prepare_index(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix, int
 		refresh_flags |= REFRESH_UNMERGED;
 	if (interactive) {
 		if (interactive_add(argc, argv, prefix) != 0)
-			die("interactive add failed");
+			die(_("interactive add failed"));
 		if (read_cache_preload(NULL) < 0)
-			die("index file corrupt");
+			die(_("index file corrupt"));
 		commit_style = COMMIT_AS_IS;
 		return get_index_file();
 	}
@@ -307,7 +307,7 @@ static char *prepare_index(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix, int
 		pathspec = get_pathspec(prefix, argv);
 
 	if (read_cache_preload(pathspec) < 0)
-		die("index file corrupt");
+		die(_("index file corrupt"));
 
 	/*
 	 * Non partial, non as-is commit.
@@ -327,7 +327,7 @@ static char *prepare_index(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix, int
 		refresh_cache_or_die(refresh_flags);
 		if (write_cache(fd, active_cache, active_nr) ||
 		    close_lock_file(&index_lock))
-			die("unable to write new_index file");
+			die(_("unable to write new_index file"));
 		commit_style = COMMIT_NORMAL;
 		return index_lock.filename;
 	}
@@ -347,7 +347,7 @@ static char *prepare_index(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix, int
 		if (active_cache_changed) {
 			if (write_cache(fd, active_cache, active_nr) ||
 			    commit_locked_index(&index_lock))
-				die("unable to write new_index file");
+				die(_("unable to write new_index file"));
 		} else {
 			rollback_lock_file(&index_lock);
 		}
@@ -377,7 +377,7 @@ static char *prepare_index(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix, int
 	commit_style = COMMIT_PARTIAL;
 
 	if (in_merge)
-		die("cannot do a partial commit during a merge.");
+		die(_("cannot do a partial commit during a merge."));
 
 	memset(&partial, 0, sizeof(partial));
 	partial.strdup_strings = 1;
@@ -386,14 +386,14 @@ static char *prepare_index(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix, int
 
 	discard_cache();
 	if (read_cache() < 0)
-		die("cannot read the index");
+		die(_("cannot read the index"));
 
 	fd = hold_locked_index(&index_lock, 1);
 	add_remove_files(&partial);
 	refresh_cache(REFRESH_QUIET);
 	if (write_cache(fd, active_cache, active_nr) ||
 	    close_lock_file(&index_lock))
-		die("unable to write new_index file");
+		die(_("unable to write new_index file"));
 
 	fd = hold_lock_file_for_update(&false_lock,
 				       git_path("next-index-%"PRIuMAX,
@@ -406,7 +406,7 @@ static char *prepare_index(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix, int
 
 	if (write_cache(fd, active_cache, active_nr) ||
 	    close_lock_file(&false_lock))
-		die("unable to write temporary index file");
+		die(_("unable to write temporary index file"));
 
 	discard_cache();
 	read_cache_from(false_lock.filename);
@@ -453,7 +453,7 @@ static int is_a_merge(const unsigned char *sha1)
 {
 	struct commit *commit = lookup_commit(sha1);
 	if (!commit || parse_commit(commit))
-		die("could not parse HEAD commit");
+		die(_("could not parse HEAD commit"));
 	return !!(commit->parents && commit->parents->next);
 }
 
@@ -472,13 +472,13 @@ static void determine_author_info(void)
 
 		a = strstr(use_message_buffer, "\nauthor ");
 		if (!a)
-			die("invalid commit: %s", use_message);
+			die(_("invalid commit: %s"), use_message);
 
 		lb = strchrnul(a + strlen("\nauthor "), '<');
 		rb = strchrnul(lb, '>');
 		eol = strchrnul(rb, '\n');
 		if (!*lb || !*rb || !*eol)
-			die("invalid commit: %s", use_message);
+			die(_("invalid commit: %s"), use_message);
 
 		if (lb == a + strlen("\nauthor "))
 			/* \nauthor <foo@example.com> */
@@ -496,7 +496,7 @@ static void determine_author_info(void)
 		const char *rb = strchr(force_author, '>');
 
 		if (!lb || !rb)
-			die("malformed --author parameter");
+			die(_("malformed --author parameter"));
 		name = xstrndup(force_author, lb - force_author);
 		email = xstrndup(lb + 2, rb - (lb + 2));
 	}
@@ -570,33 +570,33 @@ static int prepare_to_commit(const char *index_file, const char *prefix,
 		hook_arg1 = "message";
 	} else if (logfile && !strcmp(logfile, "-")) {
 		if (isatty(0))
-			fprintf(stderr, "(reading log message from standard input)\n");
+			fprintf(stderr, _("(reading log message from standard input)\n"));
 		if (strbuf_read(&sb, 0, 0) < 0)
-			die_errno("could not read log from standard input");
+			die_errno(_("could not read log from standard input"));
 		hook_arg1 = "message";
 	} else if (logfile) {
 		if (strbuf_read_file(&sb, logfile, 0) < 0)
-			die_errno("could not read log file '%s'",
+			die_errno(_("could not read log file '%s'"),
 				  logfile);
 		hook_arg1 = "message";
 	} else if (use_message) {
 		buffer = strstr(use_message_buffer, "\n\n");
 		if (!buffer || buffer[2] == '\0')
-			die("commit has empty message");
+			die(_("commit has empty message"));
 		strbuf_add(&sb, buffer + 2, strlen(buffer + 2));
 		hook_arg1 = "commit";
 		hook_arg2 = use_message;
 	} else if (!stat(git_path("MERGE_MSG"), &statbuf)) {
 		if (strbuf_read_file(&sb, git_path("MERGE_MSG"), 0) < 0)
-			die_errno("could not read MERGE_MSG");
+			die_errno(_("could not read MERGE_MSG"));
 		hook_arg1 = "merge";
 	} else if (!stat(git_path("SQUASH_MSG"), &statbuf)) {
 		if (strbuf_read_file(&sb, git_path("SQUASH_MSG"), 0) < 0)
-			die_errno("could not read SQUASH_MSG");
+			die_errno(_("could not read SQUASH_MSG"));
 		hook_arg1 = "squash";
 	} else if (template_file && !stat(template_file, &statbuf)) {
 		if (strbuf_read_file(&sb, template_file, 0) < 0)
-			die_errno("could not read '%s'", template_file);
+			die_errno(_("could not read '%s'"), template_file);
 		hook_arg1 = "template";
 	}
 
@@ -609,7 +609,7 @@ static int prepare_to_commit(const char *index_file, const char *prefix,
 
 	fp = fopen(git_path(commit_editmsg), "w");
 	if (fp == NULL)
-		die_errno("could not open '%s'", git_path(commit_editmsg));
+		die_errno(_("could not open '%s'"), git_path(commit_editmsg));
 
 	if (cleanup_mode != CLEANUP_NONE)
 		stripspace(&sb, 0);
@@ -633,7 +633,7 @@ static int prepare_to_commit(const char *index_file, const char *prefix,
 	}
 
 	if (fwrite(sb.buf, 1, sb.len, fp) < sb.len)
-		die_errno("could not write commit template");
+		die_errno(_("could not write commit template"));
 
 	strbuf_release(&sb);
 
@@ -702,7 +702,7 @@ static int prepare_to_commit(const char *index_file, const char *prefix,
 		const char *parent = "HEAD";
 
 		if (!active_nr && read_cache() < 0)
-			die("Cannot read index");
+			die(_("Cannot read index"));
 
 		if (amend)
 			parent = "HEAD^1";
@@ -734,7 +734,7 @@ static int prepare_to_commit(const char *index_file, const char *prefix,
 		active_cache_tree = cache_tree();
 	if (cache_tree_update(active_cache_tree,
 			      active_cache, active_nr, 0, 0) < 0) {
-		error("Error building trees");
+		error(_("Error building trees"));
 		return 0;
 	}
 
@@ -749,7 +749,7 @@ static int prepare_to_commit(const char *index_file, const char *prefix,
 		snprintf(index, sizeof(index), "GIT_INDEX_FILE=%s", index_file);
 		if (launch_editor(git_path(commit_editmsg), NULL, env)) {
 			fprintf(stderr,
-			"Please supply the message using either -m or -F option.\n");
+			_("Please supply the message using either -m or -F option.\n"));
 			exit(1);
 		}
 	}
@@ -829,7 +829,7 @@ static const char *find_author_by_nickname(const char *name)
 		format_commit_message(commit, "%an <%ae>", &buf, &ctx);
 		return strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
 	}
-	die("No existing author found with '%s'", name);
+	die(_("No existing author found with '%s'"), name);
 }
 
 
@@ -844,7 +844,7 @@ static void handle_untracked_files_arg(struct wt_status *s)
 	else if (!strcmp(untracked_files_arg, "all"))
 		s->show_untracked_files = SHOW_ALL_UNTRACKED_FILES;
 	else
-		die("Invalid untracked files mode '%s'", untracked_files_arg);
+		die(_("Invalid untracked files mode '%s'"), untracked_files_arg);
 }
 
 static int parse_and_validate_options(int argc, const char *argv[],
@@ -861,7 +861,7 @@ static int parse_and_validate_options(int argc, const char *argv[],
 		force_author = find_author_by_nickname(force_author);
 
 	if (force_author && renew_authorship)
-		die("Using both --reset-author and --author does not make sense");
+		die(_("Using both --reset-author and --author does not make sense"));
 
 	if (logfile || message.len || use_message)
 		use_editor = 0;
@@ -875,9 +875,9 @@ static int parse_and_validate_options(int argc, const char *argv[],
 
 	/* Sanity check options */
 	if (amend && initial_commit)
-		die("You have nothing to amend.");
+		die(_("You have nothing to amend."));
 	if (amend && in_merge)
-		die("You are in the middle of a merge -- cannot amend.");
+		die(_("You are in the middle of a merge -- cannot amend."));
 
 	if (use_message)
 		f++;
@@ -886,15 +886,15 @@ static int parse_and_validate_options(int argc, const char *argv[],
 	if (logfile)
 		f++;
 	if (f > 1)
-		die("Only one of -c/-C/-F can be used.");
+		die(_("Only one of -c/-C/-F can be used."));
 	if (message.len && f > 0)
-		die("Option -m cannot be combined with -c/-C/-F.");
+		die(_("Option -m cannot be combined with -c/-C/-F."));
 	if (edit_message)
 		use_message = edit_message;
 	if (amend && !use_message)
 		use_message = "HEAD";
 	if (!use_message && renew_authorship)
-		die("--reset-author can be used only with -C, -c or --amend.");
+		die(_("--reset-author can be used only with -C, -c or --amend."));
 	if (use_message) {
 		unsigned char sha1[20];
 		static char utf8[] = "UTF-8";
@@ -903,10 +903,10 @@ static int parse_and_validate_options(int argc, const char *argv[],
 		struct commit *commit;
 
 		if (get_sha1(use_message, sha1))
-			die("could not lookup commit %s", use_message);
+			die(_("could not lookup commit %s"), use_message);
 		commit = lookup_commit_reference(sha1);
 		if (!commit || parse_commit(commit))
-			die("could not parse commit %s", use_message);
+			die(_("could not parse commit %s"), use_message);
 
 		enc = strstr(commit->buffer, "\nencoding");
 		if (enc) {
@@ -934,13 +934,13 @@ static int parse_and_validate_options(int argc, const char *argv[],
 	}
 
 	if (!!also + !!only + !!all + !!interactive > 1)
-		die("Only one of --include/--only/--all/--interactive can be used.");
+		die(_("Only one of --include/--only/--all/--interactive can be used."));
 	if (argc == 0 && (also || (only && !amend)))
-		die("No paths with --include/--only does not make sense.");
+		die(_("No paths with --include/--only does not make sense."));
 	if (argc == 0 && only && amend)
-		only_include_assumed = "Clever... amending the last one with dirty index.";
+		only_include_assumed = _("Clever... amending the last one with dirty index.");
 	if (argc > 0 && !also && !only)
-		only_include_assumed = "Explicit paths specified without -i nor -o; assuming --only paths...";
+		only_include_assumed = _("Explicit paths specified without -i nor -o; assuming --only paths...");
 	if (!cleanup_arg || !strcmp(cleanup_arg, "default"))
 		cleanup_mode = use_editor ? CLEANUP_ALL : CLEANUP_SPACE;
 	else if (!strcmp(cleanup_arg, "verbatim"))
@@ -950,14 +950,14 @@ static int parse_and_validate_options(int argc, const char *argv[],
 	else if (!strcmp(cleanup_arg, "strip"))
 		cleanup_mode = CLEANUP_ALL;
 	else
-		die("Invalid cleanup mode %s", cleanup_arg);
+		die(_("Invalid cleanup mode %s"), cleanup_arg);
 
 	handle_untracked_files_arg(s);
 
 	if (all && argc > 0)
-		die("Paths with -a does not make sense.");
+		die(_("Paths with -a does not make sense."));
 	else if (interactive && argc > 0)
-		die("Paths with --interactive does not make sense.");
+		die(_("Paths with --interactive does not make sense."));
 
 	if (null_termination && status_format == STATUS_FORMAT_LONG)
 		status_format = STATUS_FORMAT_PORCELAIN;
@@ -1036,7 +1036,7 @@ static int git_status_config(const char *k, const char *v, void *cb)
 		else if (!strcmp(v, "all"))
 			s->show_untracked_files = SHOW_ALL_UNTRACKED_FILES;
 		else
-			return error("Invalid untracked files mode '%s'", v);
+			return error(_("Invalid untracked files mode '%s'"), v);
 		return 0;
 	}
 	return git_diff_ui_config(k, v, NULL);
@@ -1139,9 +1139,9 @@ static void print_summary(const char *prefix, const unsigned char *sha1)
 
 	commit = lookup_commit(sha1);
 	if (!commit)
-		die("couldn't look up newly created commit");
+		die(_("couldn't look up newly created commit"));
 	if (!commit || parse_commit(commit))
-		die("could not parse newly created commit");
+		die(_("could not parse newly created commit"));
 
 	strbuf_addstr(&format, "format:%h] %s");
 
@@ -1291,7 +1291,7 @@ int cmd_commit(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			reflog_msg = "commit (amend)";
 		commit = lookup_commit(head_sha1);
 		if (!commit || parse_commit(commit))
-			die("could not parse HEAD commit");
+			die(_("could not parse HEAD commit"));
 
 		for (c = commit->parents; c; c = c->next)
 			pptr = &commit_list_insert(c->item, pptr)->next;
@@ -1304,19 +1304,19 @@ int cmd_commit(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		pptr = &commit_list_insert(lookup_commit(head_sha1), pptr)->next;
 		fp = fopen(git_path("MERGE_HEAD"), "r");
 		if (fp == NULL)
-			die_errno("could not open '%s' for reading",
+			die_errno(_("could not open '%s' for reading"),
 				  git_path("MERGE_HEAD"));
 		while (strbuf_getline(&m, fp, '\n') != EOF) {
 			unsigned char sha1[20];
 			if (get_sha1_hex(m.buf, sha1) < 0)
-				die("Corrupt MERGE_HEAD file (%s)", m.buf);
+				die(_("Corrupt MERGE_HEAD file (%s)"), m.buf);
 			pptr = &commit_list_insert(lookup_commit(sha1), pptr)->next;
 		}
 		fclose(fp);
 		strbuf_release(&m);
 		if (!stat(git_path("MERGE_MODE"), &statbuf)) {
 			if (strbuf_read_file(&sb, git_path("MERGE_MODE"), 0) < 0)
-				die_errno("could not read MERGE_MODE");
+				die_errno(_("could not read MERGE_MODE"));
 			if (!strcmp(sb.buf, "no-ff"))
 				allow_fast_forward = 0;
 		}
@@ -1333,7 +1333,7 @@ int cmd_commit(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	if (strbuf_read_file(&sb, git_path(commit_editmsg), 0) < 0) {
 		int saved_errno = errno;
 		rollback_index_files();
-		die("could not read commit message: %s", strerror(saved_errno));
+		die(_("could not read commit message: %s"), strerror(saved_errno));
 	}
 
 	/* Truncate the message just before the diff, if any. */
@@ -1347,7 +1347,7 @@ int cmd_commit(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		stripspace(&sb, cleanup_mode == CLEANUP_ALL);
 	if (message_is_empty(&sb) && !allow_empty_message) {
 		rollback_index_files();
-		fprintf(stderr, "Aborting commit due to empty commit message.\n");
+		fprintf(stderr, _("Aborting commit due to empty commit message.\n"));
 		exit(1);
 	}
 
@@ -1355,7 +1355,7 @@ int cmd_commit(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			fmt_ident(author_name, author_email, author_date,
 				IDENT_ERROR_ON_NO_NAME))) {
 		rollback_index_files();
-		die("failed to write commit object");
+		die(_("failed to write commit object"));
 	}
 
 	ref_lock = lock_any_ref_for_update("HEAD",
@@ -1372,11 +1372,11 @@ int cmd_commit(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 
 	if (!ref_lock) {
 		rollback_index_files();
-		die("cannot lock HEAD ref");
+		die(_("cannot lock HEAD ref"));
 	}
 	if (write_ref_sha1(ref_lock, commit_sha1, sb.buf) < 0) {
 		rollback_index_files();
-		die("cannot update HEAD ref");
+		die(_("cannot update HEAD ref"));
 	}
 
 	unlink(git_path("MERGE_HEAD"));
@@ -1385,9 +1385,9 @@ int cmd_commit(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	unlink(git_path("SQUASH_MSG"));
 
 	if (commit_index_files())
-		die ("Repository has been updated, but unable to write\n"
+		die (_("Repository has been updated, but unable to write\n"
 		     "new_index file. Check that disk is not full or quota is\n"
-		     "not exceeded, and then \"git reset HEAD\" to recover.");
+		     "not exceeded, and then \"git reset HEAD\" to recover."));
 
 	rerere(0);
 	run_hook(get_index_file(), "post-commit", NULL);

diff --git a/builtin/commit.c b/builtin/commit.c
index cabf6e3..3fd479d 100644
--- a/builtin/commit.c
+++ b/builtin/commit.c
@@ -647,28 +647,28 @@ static int prepare_to_commit(const char *index_file, const char *prefix,
 
 		if (in_merge)
 			fprintf(fp,
-				"#\n"
+				_("#\n"
 				"# It looks like you may be committing a MERGE.\n"
 				"# If this is not correct, please remove the file\n"
 				"#	%s\n"
 				"# and try again.\n"
-				"#\n",
+				"#\n"),
 				git_path("MERGE_HEAD"));
 
 		fprintf(fp,
-			"\n"
-			"# Please enter the commit message for your changes.");
+			_("\n"
+			"# Please enter the commit message for your changes."));
 		if (cleanup_mode == CLEANUP_ALL)
 			fprintf(fp,
-				" Lines starting\n"
+				_(" Lines starting\n"
 				"# with '#' will be ignored, and an empty"
-				" message aborts the commit.\n");
+				" message aborts the commit.\n"));
 		else /* CLEANUP_SPACE, that is. */
 			fprintf(fp,
-				" Lines starting\n"
+				_(" Lines starting\n"
 				"# with '#' will be kept; you may remove them"
 				" yourself if you want to.\n"
-				"# An empty message aborts the commit.\n");
+				"# An empty message aborts the commit.\n"));
 		if (only_include_assumed)
 			fprintf(fp, "# %s\n", only_include_assumed);
 
@@ -677,16 +677,16 @@ static int prepare_to_commit(const char *index_file, const char *prefix,
 					   getenv("GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL"));
 		if (strcmp(author_ident, committer_ident))
 			fprintf(fp,
-				"%s"
-				"# Author:    %s\n",
+				_("%s"
+				"# Author:    %s\n"),
 				ident_shown++ ? "" : "#\n",
 				author_ident);
 		free(author_ident);
 
 		if (!user_ident_sufficiently_given())
 			fprintf(fp,
-				"%s"
-				"# Committer: %s\n",
+				_("%s"
+				"# Committer: %s\n"),
 				ident_shown++ ? "" : "#\n",
 				committer_ident);
 
@@ -1182,9 +1182,9 @@ static void print_summary(const char *prefix, const unsigned char *sha1)
 		!prefixcmp(head, "refs/heads/") ?
 			head + 11 :
 			!strcmp(head, "HEAD") ?
-				"detached HEAD" :
+		   		_("detached HEAD") :
 				head,
-		initial_commit ? " (root-commit)" : "");
+		initial_commit ? _(" (root-commit)") : "");
 
 	if (!log_tree_commit(&rev, commit)) {
 		rev.always_show_header = 1;

diff --git a/builtin/commit.c b/builtin/commit.c
index 3fd479d..3626a8d 100644
--- a/builtin/commit.c
+++ b/builtin/commit.c
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ static const char * const builtin_status_usage[] = {
 };
 
 static const char implicit_ident_advice[] =
-"Your name and email address were configured automatically based\n"
+N_("Your name and email address were configured automatically based\n"
 "on your username and hostname. Please check that they are accurate.\n"
 "You can suppress this message by setting them explicitly:\n"
 "\n"
@@ -47,12 +47,12 @@ static const char implicit_ident_advice[] =
 "\n"
 "If the identity used for this commit is wrong, you can fix it with:\n"
 "\n"
-"    git commit --amend --author='Your Name <you@example.com>'\n";
+"    git commit --amend --author='Your Name <you@example.com>'\n");
 
 static const char empty_amend_advice[] =
-"You asked to amend the most recent commit, but doing so would make\n"
+N_("You asked to amend the most recent commit, but doing so would make\n"
 "it empty. You can repeat your command with --allow-empty, or you can\n"
-"remove the commit entirely with \"git reset HEAD^\".\n";
+"remove the commit entirely with \"git reset HEAD^\".\n");
 
 static unsigned char head_sha1[20];
 
@@ -719,7 +719,7 @@ static int prepare_to_commit(const char *index_file, const char *prefix,
 	    !(amend && is_a_merge(head_sha1))) {
 		run_status(stdout, index_file, prefix, 0, s);
 		if (amend)
-			fputs(empty_amend_advice, stderr);
+			fputs(_(empty_amend_advice), stderr);
 		return 0;
 	}
 
@@ -1156,7 +1156,7 @@ static void print_summary(const char *prefix, const unsigned char *sha1)
 		strbuf_addbuf_percentquote(&format, &committer_ident);
 		if (advice_implicit_identity) {
 			strbuf_addch(&format, '\n');
-			strbuf_addstr(&format, implicit_ident_advice);
+			strbuf_addstr(&format, _(implicit_ident_advice));
 		}
 	}
 	strbuf_release(&author_ident);

diff --git a/builtin/diff.c b/builtin/diff.c
index a43d326..3ae5715 100644
--- a/builtin/diff.c
+++ b/builtin/diff.c
@@ -71,9 +71,9 @@ static int builtin_diff_b_f(struct rev_info *revs,
 		usage(builtin_diff_usage);
 
 	if (lstat(path, &st))
-		die_errno("failed to stat '%s'", path);
+		die_errno(_("failed to stat '%s'"), path);
 	if (!(S_ISREG(st.st_mode) || S_ISLNK(st.st_mode)))
-		die("'%s': not a regular file or symlink", path);
+		die(_("'%s': not a regular file or symlink"), path);
 
 	diff_set_mnemonic_prefix(&revs->diffopt, "o/", "w/");
 
@@ -222,7 +222,7 @@ static int builtin_diff_files(struct rev_info *revs, int argc, const char **argv
 		else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "-h"))
 			usage(builtin_diff_usage);
 		else
-			return error("invalid option: %s", argv[1]);
+			return error(_("invalid option: %s"), argv[1]);
 		argv++; argc--;
 	}
 
@@ -299,12 +299,12 @@ int cmd_diff(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	DIFF_OPT_SET(&rev.diffopt, ALLOW_TEXTCONV);
 
 	if (nongit)
-		die("Not a git repository");
+		die(_("Not a git repository"));
 	argc = setup_revisions(argc, argv, &rev, NULL);
 	if (!rev.diffopt.output_format) {
 		rev.diffopt.output_format = DIFF_FORMAT_PATCH;
 		if (diff_setup_done(&rev.diffopt) < 0)
-			die("diff_setup_done failed");
+			die(_("diff_setup_done failed"));
 	}
 
 	DIFF_OPT_SET(&rev.diffopt, RECURSIVE);
@@ -331,7 +331,7 @@ int cmd_diff(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 				 !strcmp(arg, "--staged")) {
 				add_head_to_pending(&rev);
 				if (!rev.pending.nr)
-					die("No HEAD commit to compare with (yet)");
+					die(_("No HEAD commit to compare with (yet)"));
 				break;
 			}
 		}
@@ -346,12 +346,12 @@ int cmd_diff(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			obj = parse_object(obj->sha1);
 		obj = deref_tag(obj, NULL, 0);
 		if (!obj)
-			die("invalid object '%s' given.", name);
+			die(_("invalid object '%s' given."), name);
 		if (obj->type == OBJ_COMMIT)
 			obj = &((struct commit *)obj)->tree->object;
 		if (obj->type == OBJ_TREE) {
 			if (ARRAY_SIZE(ent) <= ents)
-				die("more than %d trees given: '%s'",
+				die(_("more than %d trees given: '%s'"),
 				    (int) ARRAY_SIZE(ent), name);
 			obj->flags |= flags;
 			ent[ents].item = obj;
@@ -361,7 +361,7 @@ int cmd_diff(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		}
 		if (obj->type == OBJ_BLOB) {
 			if (2 <= blobs)
-				die("more than two blobs given: '%s'", name);
+				die(_("more than two blobs given: '%s'"), name);
 			hashcpy(blob[blobs].sha1, obj->sha1);
 			blob[blobs].name = name;
 			blob[blobs].mode = list->mode;
@@ -369,7 +369,7 @@ int cmd_diff(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			continue;
 
 		}
-		die("unhandled object '%s' given.", name);
+		die(_("unhandled object '%s' given."), name);
 	}
 	if (rev.prune_data) {
 		const char **pathspec = rev.prune_data;

diff --git a/builtin/fetch.c b/builtin/fetch.c
index c218657..4c90fc5 100644
--- a/builtin/fetch.c
+++ b/builtin/fetch.c
@@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ static struct ref *get_ref_map(struct transport *transport,
 		} else {
 			ref_map = get_remote_ref(remote_refs, "HEAD");
 			if (!ref_map)
-				die("Couldn't find remote ref HEAD");
+				die(_("Couldn't find remote ref HEAD"));
 			ref_map->merge = 1;
 			tail = &ref_map->next;
 		}
@@ -231,7 +231,7 @@ static int update_local_ref(struct ref *ref,
 	*display = 0;
 	type = sha1_object_info(ref->new_sha1, NULL);
 	if (type < 0)
-		die("object %s not found", sha1_to_hex(ref->new_sha1));
+		die(_("object %s not found"), sha1_to_hex(ref->new_sha1));
 
 	if (!hashcmp(ref->old_sha1, ref->new_sha1)) {
 		if (verbosity > 0)
@@ -331,7 +331,7 @@ static int store_updated_refs(const char *raw_url, const char *remote_name,
 
 	fp = fopen(filename, "a");
 	if (!fp)
-		return error("cannot open %s: %s\n", filename, strerror(errno));
+		return error(_("cannot open %s: %s\n"), filename, strerror(errno));
 
 	if (raw_url)
 		url = transport_anonymize_url(raw_url);
@@ -420,9 +420,9 @@ static int store_updated_refs(const char *raw_url, const char *remote_name,
 	free(url);
 	fclose(fp);
 	if (rc & STORE_REF_ERROR_DF_CONFLICT)
-		error("some local refs could not be updated; try running\n"
+		error(_("some local refs could not be updated; try running\n"
 		      " 'git remote prune %s' to remove any old, conflicting "
-		      "branches", remote_name);
+		      "branches"), remote_name);
 	return rc;
 }
 
@@ -470,7 +470,7 @@ static int quickfetch(struct ref *ref_map)
 
 	err = start_command(&revlist);
 	if (err) {
-		error("could not run rev-list");
+		error(_("could not run rev-list"));
 		return err;
 	}
 
@@ -484,14 +484,14 @@ static int quickfetch(struct ref *ref_map)
 		if (write_in_full(revlist.in, sha1_to_hex(ref->old_sha1), 40) < 0 ||
 		    write_str_in_full(revlist.in, "\n") < 0) {
 			if (errno != EPIPE && errno != EINVAL)
-				error("failed write to rev-list: %s", strerror(errno));
+				error(_("failed write to rev-list: %s"), strerror(errno));
 			err = -1;
 			break;
 		}
 	}
 
 	if (close(revlist.in)) {
-		error("failed to close rev-list's stdin: %s", strerror(errno));
+		error(_("failed to close rev-list's stdin: %s"), strerror(errno));
 		err = -1;
 	}
 
@@ -644,8 +644,8 @@ static void check_not_current_branch(struct ref *ref_map)
 	for (; ref_map; ref_map = ref_map->next)
 		if (ref_map->peer_ref && !strcmp(current_branch->refname,
 					ref_map->peer_ref->name))
-			die("Refusing to fetch into current branch %s "
-			    "of non-bare repository", current_branch->refname);
+			die(_("Refusing to fetch into current branch %s "
+			    "of non-bare repository"), current_branch->refname);
 }
 
 static int truncate_fetch_head(void)
@@ -654,7 +654,7 @@ static int truncate_fetch_head(void)
 	FILE *fp = fopen(filename, "w");
 
 	if (!fp)
-		return error("cannot open %s: %s\n", filename, strerror(errno));
+		return error(_("cannot open %s: %s\n"), filename, strerror(errno));
 	fclose(fp);
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -678,7 +678,7 @@ static int do_fetch(struct transport *transport,
 	}
 
 	if (!transport->get_refs_list || !transport->fetch)
-		die("Don't know how to fetch from %s", transport->url);
+		die(_("Don't know how to fetch from %s"), transport->url);
 
 	/* if not appending, truncate FETCH_HEAD */
 	if (!append && !dry_run) {
@@ -732,10 +732,10 @@ static void set_option(const char *name, const char *value)
 {
 	int r = transport_set_option(transport, name, value);
 	if (r < 0)
-		die("Option \"%s\" value \"%s\" is not valid for %s",
+		die(_("Option \"%s\" value \"%s\" is not valid for %s"),
 			name, value, transport->url);
 	if (r > 0)
-		warning("Option \"%s\" is ignored for %s\n",
+		warning(_("Option \"%s\" is ignored for %s\n"),
 			name, transport->url);
 }
 
@@ -824,9 +824,9 @@ static int fetch_multiple(struct string_list *list)
 		argv[argc] = name;
 		argv[argc + 1] = NULL;
 		if (verbosity >= 0)
-			printf("Fetching %s\n", name);
+			printf(_("Fetching %s\n"), name);
 		if (run_command_v_opt(argv, RUN_GIT_CMD)) {
-			error("Could not fetch %s", name);
+			error(_("Could not fetch %s"), name);
 			result = 1;
 		}
 	}
@@ -842,8 +842,8 @@ static int fetch_one(struct remote *remote, int argc, const char **argv)
 	int exit_code;
 
 	if (!remote)
-		die("No remote repository specified.  Please, specify either a URL or a\n"
-		    "remote name from which new revisions should be fetched.");
+		die(_("No remote repository specified.  Please, specify either a URL or a\n"
+		    "remote name from which new revisions should be fetched."));
 
 	transport = transport_get(remote, NULL);
 	transport_set_verbosity(transport, verbosity, progress);
@@ -862,7 +862,7 @@ static int fetch_one(struct remote *remote, int argc, const char **argv)
 				char *ref;
 				i++;
 				if (i >= argc)
-					die("You need to specify a tag name.");
+					die(_("You need to specify a tag name."));
 				ref = xmalloc(strlen(argv[i]) * 2 + 22);
 				strcpy(ref, "refs/tags/");
 				strcat(ref, argv[i]);
@@ -902,9 +902,9 @@ int cmd_fetch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 
 	if (all) {
 		if (argc == 1)
-			die("fetch --all does not take a repository argument");
+			die(_("fetch --all does not take a repository argument"));
 		else if (argc > 1)
-			die("fetch --all does not make sense with refspecs");
+			die(_("fetch --all does not make sense with refspecs"));
 		(void) for_each_remote(get_one_remote_for_fetch, &list);
 		result = fetch_multiple(&list);
 	} else if (argc == 0) {
@@ -915,7 +915,7 @@ int cmd_fetch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		/* All arguments are assumed to be remotes or groups */
 		for (i = 0; i < argc; i++)
 			if (!add_remote_or_group(argv[i], &list))
-				die("No such remote or remote group: %s", argv[i]);
+				die(_("No such remote or remote group: %s"), argv[i]);
 		result = fetch_multiple(&list);
 	} else {
 		/* Single remote or group */
@@ -923,7 +923,7 @@ int cmd_fetch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		if (list.nr > 1) {
 			/* More than one remote */
 			if (argc > 1)
-				die("Fetching a group and specifying refspecs does not make sense");
+				die(_("Fetching a group and specifying refspecs does not make sense"));
 			result = fetch_multiple(&list);
 		} else {
 			/* Zero or one remotes */

diff --git a/builtin/fetch.c b/builtin/fetch.c
index 4c90fc5..38bb51d 100644
--- a/builtin/fetch.c
+++ b/builtin/fetch.c
@@ -236,7 +236,7 @@ static int update_local_ref(struct ref *ref,
 	if (!hashcmp(ref->old_sha1, ref->new_sha1)) {
 		if (verbosity > 0)
 			sprintf(display, "= %-*s %-*s -> %s", TRANSPORT_SUMMARY_WIDTH,
-				"[up to date]", REFCOL_WIDTH, remote,
+				_("[up to date]"), REFCOL_WIDTH, remote,
 				pretty_ref);
 		return 0;
 	}
@@ -249,8 +249,8 @@ static int update_local_ref(struct ref *ref,
 		 * If this is the head, and it's not okay to update
 		 * the head, and the old value of the head isn't empty...
 		 */
-		sprintf(display, "! %-*s %-*s -> %s  (can't fetch in current branch)",
-			TRANSPORT_SUMMARY_WIDTH, "[rejected]", REFCOL_WIDTH, remote,
+		sprintf(display, _("! %-*s %-*s -> %s  (can't fetch in current branch)"),
+			TRANSPORT_SUMMARY_WIDTH, _("[rejected]"), REFCOL_WIDTH, remote,
 			pretty_ref);
 		return 1;
 	}
@@ -260,8 +260,8 @@ static int update_local_ref(struct ref *ref,
 		int r;
 		r = s_update_ref("updating tag", ref, 0);
 		sprintf(display, "%c %-*s %-*s -> %s%s", r ? '!' : '-',
-			TRANSPORT_SUMMARY_WIDTH, "[tag update]", REFCOL_WIDTH, remote,
-			pretty_ref, r ? "  (unable to update local ref)" : "");
+			TRANSPORT_SUMMARY_WIDTH, _("[tag update]"), REFCOL_WIDTH, remote,
+			pretty_ref, r ? _("  (unable to update local ref)") : "");
 		return r;
 	}
 
@@ -357,15 +357,15 @@ static int store_updated_refs(const char *raw_url, const char *remote_name,
 			what = "";
 		}
 		else if (!prefixcmp(rm->name, "refs/heads/")) {
-			kind = "branch";
+			kind = _("branch");
 			what = rm->name + 11;
 		}
 		else if (!prefixcmp(rm->name, "refs/tags/")) {
-			kind = "tag";
+			kind = _("tag");
 			what = rm->name + 10;
 		}
 		else if (!prefixcmp(rm->name, "refs/remotes/")) {
-			kind = "remote branch";
+			kind = _("remote branch");
 			what = rm->name + 13;
 		}
 		else {
@@ -405,11 +405,11 @@ static int store_updated_refs(const char *raw_url, const char *remote_name,
 			free(ref);
 		} else
 			sprintf(note, "* %-*s %-*s -> FETCH_HEAD",
-				TRANSPORT_SUMMARY_WIDTH, *kind ? kind : "branch",
+				TRANSPORT_SUMMARY_WIDTH, *kind ? kind : _("branch"),
 				 REFCOL_WIDTH, *what ? what : "HEAD");
 		if (*note) {
 			if (verbosity >= 0 && !shown_url) {
-				fprintf(stderr, "From %.*s\n",
+				fprintf(stderr, _("From %.*s\n"),
 						url_len, url);
 				shown_url = 1;
 			}
@@ -518,16 +518,16 @@ static int prune_refs(struct transport *transport, struct ref *ref_map)
 	int result = 0;
 	struct ref *ref, *stale_refs = get_stale_heads(transport->remote, ref_map);
 	const char *dangling_msg = dry_run
-		? "   (%s will become dangling)\n"
-		: "   (%s has become dangling)\n";
+		? _("   (%s will become dangling)\n")
+		: _("   (%s has become dangling)\n");
 
 	for (ref = stale_refs; ref; ref = ref->next) {
 		if (!dry_run)
 			result |= delete_ref(ref->name, NULL, 0);
 		if (verbosity >= 0) {
 			fprintf(stderr, " x %-*s %-*s -> %s\n",
-				TRANSPORT_SUMMARY_WIDTH, "[deleted]",
-				REFCOL_WIDTH, "(none)", prettify_refname(ref->name));
+				TRANSPORT_SUMMARY_WIDTH, _("[deleted]"),
+				REFCOL_WIDTH, _("(none)"), prettify_refname(ref->name));
 			warn_dangling_symref(stderr, dangling_msg, ref->name);
 		}
 	}

diff --git a/builtin/grep.c b/builtin/grep.c
index da32f3d..af5d227 100644
--- a/builtin/grep.c
+++ b/builtin/grep.c
@@ -249,7 +249,7 @@ static void start_threads(struct grep_opt *opt)
 		err = pthread_create(&threads[i], NULL, run, o);
 
 		if (err)
-			die("grep: failed to create thread: %s",
+			die(_("grep: failed to create thread: %s"),
 			    strerror(err));
 	}
 }
@@ -454,7 +454,7 @@ static void *load_sha1(const unsigned char *sha1, unsigned long *size,
 	void *data = lock_and_read_sha1_file(sha1, &type, size);
 
 	if (!data)
-		error("'%s': unable to read %s", name, sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+		error(_("'%s': unable to read %s"), name, sha1_to_hex(sha1));
 
 	return data;
 }
@@ -505,7 +505,7 @@ static void *load_file(const char *filename, size_t *sz)
 	if (lstat(filename, &st) < 0) {
 	err_ret:
 		if (errno != ENOENT)
-			error("'%s': %s", filename, strerror(errno));
+			error(_("'%s': %s"), filename, strerror(errno));
 		return 0;
 	}
 	if (!S_ISREG(st.st_mode))
@@ -516,7 +516,7 @@ static void *load_file(const char *filename, size_t *sz)
 		goto err_ret;
 	data = xmalloc(*sz + 1);
 	if (st.st_size != read_in_full(i, data, *sz)) {
-		error("'%s': short read %s", filename, strerror(errno));
+		error(_("'%s': short read %s"), filename, strerror(errno));
 		close(i);
 		free(data);
 		return 0;
@@ -578,7 +578,7 @@ static void run_pager(struct grep_opt *opt, const char *prefix)
 	argv[path_list->nr] = NULL;
 
 	if (prefix && chdir(prefix))
-		die("Failed to chdir: %s", prefix);
+		die(_("Failed to chdir: %s"), prefix);
 	status = run_command_v_opt(argv, RUN_USING_SHELL);
 	if (status)
 		exit(status);
@@ -668,7 +668,7 @@ static int grep_tree(struct grep_opt *opt, const char **paths,
 
 			data = lock_and_read_sha1_file(entry.sha1, &type, &size);
 			if (!data)
-				die("unable to read tree (%s)",
+				die(_("unable to read tree (%s)"),
 				    sha1_to_hex(entry.sha1));
 			init_tree_desc(&sub, data, size);
 			hit |= grep_tree(opt, paths, &sub, tree_name, down);
@@ -694,13 +694,13 @@ static int grep_object(struct grep_opt *opt, const char **paths,
 		data = read_object_with_reference(obj->sha1, tree_type,
 						  &size, NULL);
 		if (!data)
-			die("unable to read tree (%s)", sha1_to_hex(obj->sha1));
+			die(_("unable to read tree (%s)"), sha1_to_hex(obj->sha1));
 		init_tree_desc(&tree, data, size);
 		hit = grep_tree(opt, paths, &tree, name, "");
 		free(data);
 		return hit;
 	}
-	die("unable to grep from object of type %s", typename(obj->type));
+	die(_("unable to grep from object of type %s"), typename(obj->type));
 }
 
 static int grep_objects(struct grep_opt *opt, const char **paths,
@@ -752,7 +752,7 @@ static int context_callback(const struct option *opt, const char *arg,
 	}
 	value = strtol(arg, (char **)&endp, 10);
 	if (*endp) {
-		return error("switch `%c' expects a numerical value",
+		return error(_("switch `%c' expects a numerical value"),
 			     opt->short_name);
 	}
 	grep_opt->pre_context = grep_opt->post_context = value;
@@ -768,7 +768,7 @@ static int file_callback(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
 
 	patterns = fopen(arg, "r");
 	if (!patterns)
-		die_errno("cannot open '%s'", arg);
+		die_errno(_("cannot open '%s'"), arg);
 	while (strbuf_getline(&sb, patterns, '\n') == 0) {
 		char *s;
 		size_t len;
@@ -1009,11 +1009,11 @@ int cmd_grep(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	}
 
 	if (!opt.pattern_list)
-		die("no pattern given.");
+		die(_("no pattern given."));
 	if (!opt.fixed && opt.ignore_case)
 		opt.regflags |= REG_ICASE;
 	if ((opt.regflags != REG_NEWLINE) && opt.fixed)
-		die("cannot mix --fixed-strings and regexp");
+		die(_("cannot mix --fixed-strings and regexp"));
 
 #ifndef NO_PTHREADS
 	if (online_cpus() == 1 || !grep_threads_ok(&opt))
@@ -1038,7 +1038,7 @@ int cmd_grep(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		if (!get_sha1(arg, sha1)) {
 			struct object *object = parse_object(sha1);
 			if (!object)
-				die("bad object %s", arg);
+				die(_("bad object %s"), arg);
 			add_object_array(object, arg, &list);
 			continue;
 		}
@@ -1065,7 +1065,7 @@ int cmd_grep(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	}
 
 	if (show_in_pager && (cached || list.nr))
-		die("--open-files-in-pager only works on the worktree");
+		die(_("--open-files-in-pager only works on the worktree"));
 
 	if (show_in_pager && opt.pattern_list && !opt.pattern_list->next) {
 		const char *pager = path_list.items[0].string;
@@ -1090,9 +1090,9 @@ int cmd_grep(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 
 	if (!use_index) {
 		if (cached)
-			die("--cached cannot be used with --no-index.");
+			die(_("--cached cannot be used with --no-index."));
 		if (list.nr)
-			die("--no-index cannot be used with revs.");
+			die(_("--no-index cannot be used with revs."));
 		hit = grep_directory(&opt, paths);
 	} else if (!list.nr) {
 		if (!cached)
@@ -1101,7 +1101,7 @@ int cmd_grep(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		hit = grep_cache(&opt, paths, cached);
 	} else {
 		if (cached)
-			die("both --cached and trees are given.");
+			die(_("both --cached and trees are given."));
 		hit = grep_objects(&opt, paths, &list);
 	}
 

diff --git a/builtin/log.c b/builtin/log.c
index ed8598e..460353b 100644
--- a/builtin/log.c
+++ b/builtin/log.c
@@ -141,9 +141,9 @@ static void cmd_log_init(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix,
 			free((void *)fullpath);
 			if (range->nr == 0) {
 				if (range->next) {
-					die("Path %s need a -L <range> option\n"
+					die(_("Path %s need a -L <range> option\n"
 					"If you want follow the history of the whole file "
-					"use 'git log -L 1,$ <path>'", range->spec->path);
+					"use 'git log -L 1,$ <path>'"), range->spec->path);
 				} else {
 					parse_options_next(&ctx, 1);
 					continue;
@@ -167,7 +167,7 @@ parse_done:
 
 	/* die if '-L <range>' with no pathspec follow */
 	if (range->nr > 0 && range->spec == NULL)
-		die("Each -L should follow a path");
+		die(_("Each -L should follow a path"));
 	/* clear up the last range */
 	if (range->nr == 0) {
 		struct diff_line_range *r = range->next;
@@ -201,7 +201,7 @@ parse_done:
 			const char *v = skip_prefix(arg, "--decorate=");
 			decoration_style = parse_decoration_style(arg, v);
 			if (decoration_style < 0)
-				die("invalid --decorate option: %s", arg);
+				die(_("invalid --decorate option: %s"), arg);
 			decoration_given = 1;
 		} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--no-decorate")) {
 			decoration_style = 0;
@@ -210,7 +210,7 @@ parse_done:
 		} else if (!strcmp(arg, "-h")) {
 			usage(builtin_log_usage);
 		} else
-			die("unrecognized argument: %s", arg);
+			die(_("unrecognized argument: %s"), arg);
 	}
 
 	/*
@@ -259,7 +259,7 @@ static void show_early_header(struct rev_info *rev, const char *stage, int nr)
 		if (rev->commit_format != CMIT_FMT_ONELINE)
 			putchar(rev->diffopt.line_termination);
 	}
-	printf("Final output: %d %s\n", nr, stage);
+	printf(_("Final output: %d %s\n"), nr, stage);
 }
 
 static struct itimerval early_output_timer;
@@ -358,7 +358,7 @@ static int cmd_log_walk(struct rev_info *rev)
 		setup_early_output(rev);
 
 	if (prepare_revision_walk(rev))
-		die("revision walk setup failed");
+		die(_("revision walk setup failed"));
 
 	if (rev->early_output)
 		finish_early_output(rev);
@@ -450,7 +450,7 @@ static int show_object(const unsigned char *sha1, int show_tag_object,
 	int offset = 0;
 
 	if (!buf)
-		return error("Could not read object %s", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+		return error(_("Could not read object %s"), sha1_to_hex(sha1));
 
 	if (show_tag_object)
 		while (offset < size && buf[offset] != '\n') {
@@ -537,7 +537,7 @@ int cmd_show(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 				break;
 			o = parse_object(t->tagged->sha1);
 			if (!o)
-				ret = error("Could not read object %s",
+				ret = error(_("Could not read object %s"),
 					    sha1_to_hex(t->tagged->sha1));
 			objects[i].item = o;
 			i--;
@@ -561,7 +561,7 @@ int cmd_show(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			ret = cmd_log_walk(&rev);
 			break;
 		default:
-			ret = error("Unknown type: %d", o->type);
+			ret = error(_("Unknown type: %d"), o->type);
 		}
 	}
 	free(objects);
@@ -664,7 +664,7 @@ static int git_format_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 {
 	if (!strcmp(var, "format.headers")) {
 		if (!value)
-			die("format.headers without value");
+			die(_("format.headers without value"));
 		add_header(value);
 		return 0;
 	}
@@ -736,7 +736,7 @@ static int reopen_stdout(struct commit *commit, struct rev_info *rev)
 		strbuf_addstr(&filename, output_directory);
 		if (filename.len >=
 		    PATH_MAX - FORMAT_PATCH_NAME_MAX - suffix_len)
-			return error("name of output directory is too long");
+			return error(_("name of output directory is too long"));
 		if (filename.buf[filename.len - 1] != '/')
 			strbuf_addch(&filename, '/');
 	}
@@ -747,7 +747,7 @@ static int reopen_stdout(struct commit *commit, struct rev_info *rev)
 		fprintf(realstdout, "%s\n", filename.buf + outdir_offset);
 
 	if (freopen(filename.buf, "w", stdout) == NULL)
-		return error("Cannot open patch file %s", filename.buf);
+		return error(_("Cannot open patch file %s"), filename.buf);
 
 	strbuf_release(&filename);
 	return 0;
@@ -761,7 +761,7 @@ static void get_patch_ids(struct rev_info *rev, struct patch_ids *ids, const cha
 	unsigned flags1, flags2;
 
 	if (rev->pending.nr != 2)
-		die("Need exactly one range.");
+		die(_("Need exactly one range."));
 
 	o1 = rev->pending.objects[0].item;
 	flags1 = o1->flags;
@@ -769,7 +769,7 @@ static void get_patch_ids(struct rev_info *rev, struct patch_ids *ids, const cha
 	flags2 = o2->flags;
 
 	if ((flags1 & UNINTERESTING) == (flags2 & UNINTERESTING))
-		die("Not a range.");
+		die(_("Not a range."));
 
 	init_patch_ids(ids);
 
@@ -780,7 +780,7 @@ static void get_patch_ids(struct rev_info *rev, struct patch_ids *ids, const cha
 	add_pending_object(&check_rev, o1, "o1");
 	add_pending_object(&check_rev, o2, "o2");
 	if (prepare_revision_walk(&check_rev))
-		die("revision walk setup failed");
+		die(_("revision walk setup failed"));
 
 	while ((commit = get_revision(&check_rev)) != NULL) {
 		/* ignore merges */
@@ -806,7 +806,7 @@ static void gen_message_id(struct rev_info *info, char *base)
 	const char *email_end = strrchr(committer, '>');
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 	if (!email_start || !email_end || email_start > email_end - 1)
-		die("Could not extract email from committer identity.");
+		die(_("Could not extract email from committer identity."));
 	strbuf_addf(&buf, "%s.%lu.git.%.*s", base,
 		    (unsigned long) time(NULL),
 		    (int)(email_end - email_start - 1), email_start + 1);
@@ -838,7 +838,7 @@ static void make_cover_letter(struct rev_info *rev, int use_stdout,
 	struct commit *commit = NULL;
 
 	if (rev->commit_format != CMIT_FMT_EMAIL)
-		die("Cover letter needs email format");
+		die(_("Cover letter needs email format"));
 
 	committer = git_committer_info(0);
 
@@ -931,7 +931,7 @@ static const char *clean_message_id(const char *msg_id)
 		m++;
 	}
 	if (!z)
-		die("insane in-reply-to: %s", msg_id);
+		die(_("insane in-reply-to: %s"), msg_id);
 	if (++z == m)
 		return a;
 	return xmemdupz(a, z - a);
@@ -1004,7 +1004,7 @@ static int output_directory_callback(const struct option *opt, const char *arg,
 {
 	const char **dir = (const char **)opt->value;
 	if (*dir)
-		die("Two output directories?");
+		die(_("Two output directories?"));
 	*dir = arg;
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -1192,7 +1192,7 @@ int cmd_format_patch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		committer = git_committer_info(IDENT_ERROR_ON_NO_NAME);
 		endpos = strchr(committer, '>');
 		if (!endpos)
-			die("bogus committer info %s", committer);
+			die(_("bogus committer info %s"), committer);
 		add_signoff = xmemdupz(committer, endpos - committer + 1);
 	}
 
@@ -1237,20 +1237,20 @@ int cmd_format_patch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		numbered = 0;
 
 	if (numbered && keep_subject)
-		die ("-n and -k are mutually exclusive.");
+		die (_("-n and -k are mutually exclusive."));
 	if (keep_subject && subject_prefix)
-		die ("--subject-prefix and -k are mutually exclusive.");
+		die (_("--subject-prefix and -k are mutually exclusive."));
 
 	argc = setup_revisions(argc, argv, &rev, &s_r_opt);
 	if (argc > 1)
-		die ("unrecognized argument: %s", argv[1]);
+		die (_("unrecognized argument: %s"), argv[1]);
 
 	if (rev.diffopt.output_format & DIFF_FORMAT_NAME)
-		die("--name-only does not make sense");
+		die(_("--name-only does not make sense"));
 	if (rev.diffopt.output_format & DIFF_FORMAT_NAME_STATUS)
-		die("--name-status does not make sense");
+		die(_("--name-status does not make sense"));
 	if (rev.diffopt.output_format & DIFF_FORMAT_CHECKDIFF)
-		die("--check does not make sense");
+		die(_("--check does not make sense"));
 
 	if (!use_patch_format &&
 		(!rev.diffopt.output_format ||
@@ -1271,9 +1271,9 @@ int cmd_format_patch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 
 	if (output_directory) {
 		if (use_stdout)
-			die("standard output, or directory, which one?");
+			die(_("standard output, or directory, which one?"));
 		if (mkdir(output_directory, 0777) < 0 && errno != EEXIST)
-			die_errno("Could not create directory '%s'",
+			die_errno(_("Could not create directory '%s'"),
 				  output_directory);
 	}
 
@@ -1327,7 +1327,7 @@ int cmd_format_patch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		realstdout = xfdopen(xdup(1), "w");
 
 	if (prepare_revision_walk(&rev))
-		die("revision walk setup failed");
+		die(_("revision walk setup failed"));
 	rev.boundary = 1;
 	while ((commit = get_revision(&rev)) != NULL) {
 		if (commit->object.flags & BOUNDARY) {
@@ -1408,7 +1408,7 @@ int cmd_format_patch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 
 		if (!use_stdout && reopen_stdout(numbered_files ? NULL : commit,
 						 &rev))
-			die("Failed to create output files");
+			die(_("Failed to create output files"));
 		shown = log_tree_commit(&rev, commit);
 		free(commit->buffer);
 		commit->buffer = NULL;
@@ -1495,9 +1495,9 @@ int cmd_cherry(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		if (!current_branch || !current_branch->merge
 					|| !current_branch->merge[0]
 					|| !current_branch->merge[0]->dst) {
-			fprintf(stderr, "Could not find a tracked"
+			fprintf(stderr, _("Could not find a tracked"
 					" remote branch, please"
-					" specify <upstream> manually.\n");
+					" specify <upstream> manually.\n"));
 			usage_with_options(cherry_usage, options);
 		}
 
@@ -1511,9 +1511,9 @@ int cmd_cherry(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	DIFF_OPT_SET(&revs.diffopt, RECURSIVE);
 
 	if (add_pending_commit(head, &revs, 0))
-		die("Unknown commit %s", head);
+		die(_("Unknown commit %s"), head);
 	if (add_pending_commit(upstream, &revs, UNINTERESTING))
-		die("Unknown commit %s", upstream);
+		die(_("Unknown commit %s"), upstream);
 
 	/* Don't say anything if head and upstream are the same. */
 	if (revs.pending.nr == 2) {
@@ -1525,11 +1525,11 @@ int cmd_cherry(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	get_patch_ids(&revs, &ids, prefix);
 
 	if (limit && add_pending_commit(limit, &revs, UNINTERESTING))
-		die("Unknown commit %s", limit);
+		die(_("Unknown commit %s"), limit);
 
 	/* reverse the list of commits */
 	if (prepare_revision_walk(&revs))
-		die("revision walk setup failed");
+		die(_("revision walk setup failed"));
 	while ((commit = get_revision(&revs)) != NULL) {
 		/* ignore merges */
 		if (commit->parents && commit->parents->next)

diff --git a/builtin/log.c b/builtin/log.c
index 460353b..6a4a8f7 100644
--- a/builtin/log.c
+++ b/builtin/log.c
@@ -826,7 +826,7 @@ static void make_cover_letter(struct rev_info *rev, int use_stdout,
 {
 	const char *committer;
 	const char *subject_start = NULL;
-	const char *body = "*** SUBJECT HERE ***\n\n*** BLURB HERE ***\n";
+	const char *body = _("*** SUBJECT HERE ***\n\n*** BLURB HERE ***\n");
 	const char *msg;
 	const char *extra_headers = rev->extra_headers;
 	struct shortlog log;

diff --git a/builtin/merge.c b/builtin/merge.c
index a7e3313..bf3b313 100644
--- a/builtin/merge.c
+++ b/builtin/merge.c
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ static int option_parse_message(const struct option *opt,
 		strbuf_addf(buf, "%s%s", buf->len ? "\n\n" : "", arg);
 		have_message = 1;
 	} else
-		return error("switch `m' requires a value");
+		return error(_("switch `m' requires a value"));
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -116,13 +116,13 @@ static struct strategy *get_strategy(const char *name)
 		exclude_cmds(&main_cmds, &not_strategies);
 	}
 	if (!is_in_cmdlist(&main_cmds, name) && !is_in_cmdlist(&other_cmds, name)) {
-		fprintf(stderr, "Could not find merge strategy '%s'.\n", name);
-		fprintf(stderr, "Available strategies are:");
+		fprintf(stderr, _("Could not find merge strategy '%s'.\n"), name);
+		fprintf(stderr, _("Available strategies are:"));
 		for (i = 0; i < main_cmds.cnt; i++)
 			fprintf(stderr, " %s", main_cmds.names[i]->name);
 		fprintf(stderr, ".\n");
 		if (other_cmds.cnt) {
-			fprintf(stderr, "Available custom strategies are:");
+			fprintf(stderr, _("Available custom strategies are:"));
 			for (i = 0; i < other_cmds.cnt; i++)
 				fprintf(stderr, " %s", other_cmds.names[i]->name);
 			fprintf(stderr, ".\n");
@@ -223,17 +223,17 @@ static void save_state(void)
 	cp.git_cmd = 1;
 
 	if (start_command(&cp))
-		die("could not run stash.");
+		die(_("could not run stash."));
 	len = strbuf_read(&buffer, cp.out, 1024);
 	close(cp.out);
 
 	if (finish_command(&cp) || len < 0)
-		die("stash failed");
+		die(_("stash failed"));
 	else if (!len)
 		return;
 	strbuf_setlen(&buffer, buffer.len-1);
 	if (get_sha1(buffer.buf, stash))
-		die("not a valid object: %s", buffer.buf);
+		die(_("not a valid object: %s"), buffer.buf);
 }
 
 static void reset_hard(unsigned const char *sha1, int verbose)
@@ -250,7 +250,7 @@ static void reset_hard(unsigned const char *sha1, int verbose)
 	args[i] = NULL;
 
 	if (run_command_v_opt(args, RUN_GIT_CMD))
-		die("read-tree failed");
+		die(_("read-tree failed"));
 }
 
 static void restore_state(void)
@@ -279,7 +279,7 @@ static void restore_state(void)
 static void finish_up_to_date(const char *msg)
 {
 	if (verbosity >= 0)
-		printf("%s%s\n", squash ? " (nothing to squash)" : "", msg);
+		printf("%s%s\n", squash ? _(" (nothing to squash)") : "", msg);
 	drop_save();
 }
 
@@ -292,10 +292,10 @@ static void squash_message(void)
 	int fd;
 	struct pretty_print_context ctx = {0};
 
-	printf("Squash commit -- not updating HEAD\n");
+	printf(_("Squash commit -- not updating HEAD\n"));
 	fd = open(git_path("SQUASH_MSG"), O_WRONLY | O_CREAT, 0666);
 	if (fd < 0)
-		die_errno("Could not write to '%s'", git_path("SQUASH_MSG"));
+		die_errno(_("Could not write to '%s'"), git_path("SQUASH_MSG"));
 
 	init_revisions(&rev, NULL);
 	rev.ignore_merges = 1;
@@ -310,7 +310,7 @@ static void squash_message(void)
 
 	setup_revisions(0, NULL, &rev, NULL);
 	if (prepare_revision_walk(&rev))
-		die("revision walk setup failed");
+		die(_("revision walk setup failed"));
 
 	ctx.abbrev = rev.abbrev;
 	ctx.date_mode = rev.date_mode;
@@ -323,9 +323,9 @@ static void squash_message(void)
 		pretty_print_commit(rev.commit_format, commit, &out, &ctx);
 	}
 	if (write(fd, out.buf, out.len) < 0)
-		die_errno("Writing SQUASH_MSG");
+		die_errno(_("Writing SQUASH_MSG"));
 	if (close(fd))
-		die_errno("Finishing SQUASH_MSG");
+		die_errno(_("Finishing SQUASH_MSG"));
 	strbuf_release(&out);
 }
 
@@ -345,7 +345,7 @@ static void finish(const unsigned char *new_head, const char *msg)
 		squash_message();
 	} else {
 		if (verbosity >= 0 && !merge_msg.len)
-			printf("No merge message -- not updating HEAD\n");
+			printf(_("No merge message -- not updating HEAD\n"));
 		else {
 			const char *argv_gc_auto[] = { "gc", "--auto", NULL };
 			update_ref(reflog_message.buf, "HEAD",
@@ -367,7 +367,7 @@ static void finish(const unsigned char *new_head, const char *msg)
 		if (diff_use_color_default > 0)
 			DIFF_OPT_SET(&opts, COLOR_DIFF);
 		if (diff_setup_done(&opts) < 0)
-			die("diff_setup_done failed");
+			die(_("diff_setup_done failed"));
 		diff_tree_sha1(head, new_head, "", &opts);
 		diffcore_std(&opts);
 		diff_flush(&opts);
@@ -396,7 +396,7 @@ static void merge_name(const char *remote, struct strbuf *msg)
 	memset(branch_head, 0, sizeof(branch_head));
 	remote_head = peel_to_type(remote, 0, NULL, OBJ_COMMIT);
 	if (!remote_head)
-		die("'%s' does not point to a commit", remote);
+		die(_("'%s' does not point to a commit"), remote);
 
 	if (dwim_ref(remote, strlen(remote), branch_head, &found_ref) > 0) {
 		if (!prefixcmp(found_ref, "refs/heads/")) {
@@ -461,7 +461,7 @@ static void merge_name(const char *remote, struct strbuf *msg)
 
 		fp = fopen(git_path("FETCH_HEAD"), "r");
 		if (!fp)
-			die_errno("could not open '%s' for reading",
+			die_errno(_("could not open '%s' for reading"),
 				  git_path("FETCH_HEAD"));
 		strbuf_getline(&line, fp, '\n');
 		fclose(fp);
@@ -491,7 +491,7 @@ static int git_merge_config(const char *k, const char *v, void *cb)
 		buf = xstrdup(v);
 		argc = split_cmdline(buf, &argv);
 		if (argc < 0)
-			die("Bad branch.%s.mergeoptions string: %s", branch,
+			die(_("Bad branch.%s.mergeoptions string: %s"), branch,
 			    split_cmdline_strerror(argc));
 		argv = xrealloc(argv, sizeof(*argv) * (argc + 2));
 		memmove(argv + 1, argv, sizeof(*argv) * (argc + 1));
@@ -513,7 +513,7 @@ static int git_merge_config(const char *k, const char *v, void *cb)
 		int is_bool;
 		shortlog_len = git_config_bool_or_int(k, v, &is_bool);
 		if (!is_bool && shortlog_len < 0)
-			return error("%s: negative length %s???", k, v);
+			return error(_("%s: negative length %s???"), k, v);
 		if ((is_bool && shortlog_len) || shortlog_len < 0)
 			shortlog_len = DEFAULT_MERGE_LOG_LEN;
 		return 0;
@@ -560,7 +560,7 @@ static int read_tree_trivial(unsigned char *common, unsigned char *head,
 static void write_tree_trivial(unsigned char *sha1)
 {
 	if (write_cache_as_tree(sha1, 0, NULL))
-		die("git write-tree failed to write a tree");
+		die(_("git write-tree failed to write a tree"));
 }
 
 int try_merge_command(const char *strategy, struct commit_list *common,
@@ -601,7 +601,7 @@ int try_merge_command(const char *strategy, struct commit_list *common,
 	free(args);
 	discard_cache();
 	if (read_cache() < 0)
-		die("failed to read the cache");
+		die(_("failed to read the cache"));
 	resolve_undo_clear();
 
 	return ret;
@@ -618,7 +618,7 @@ static int try_merge_strategy(const char *strategy, struct commit_list *common,
 	if (active_cache_changed &&
 			(write_cache(index_fd, active_cache, active_nr) ||
 			 commit_locked_index(lock)))
-		return error("Unable to write index.");
+		return error(_("Unable to write index."));
 	rollback_lock_file(lock);
 
 	if (!strcmp(strategy, "recursive") || !strcmp(strategy, "subtree")) {
@@ -631,7 +631,7 @@ static int try_merge_strategy(const char *strategy, struct commit_list *common,
 		struct commit_list *j;
 
 		if (remoteheads->next) {
-			error("Not handling anything other than two heads merge.");
+			error(_("Not handling anything other than two heads merge."));
 			return 2;
 		}
 
@@ -643,7 +643,7 @@ static int try_merge_strategy(const char *strategy, struct commit_list *common,
 
 		for (x = 0; x < xopts_nr; x++)
 			if (parse_merge_opt(&o, xopts[x]))
-				die("Unknown option for merge-recursive: -X%s", xopts[x]);
+				die(_("Unknown option for merge-recursive: -X%s"), xopts[x]);
 
 		o.branch1 = head_arg;
 		o.branch2 = remoteheads->item->util;
@@ -657,7 +657,7 @@ static int try_merge_strategy(const char *strategy, struct commit_list *common,
 		if (active_cache_changed &&
 				(write_cache(index_fd, active_cache, active_nr) ||
 				 commit_locked_index(lock)))
-			die ("unable to write %s", get_index_file());
+			die (_("unable to write %s"), get_index_file());
 		rollback_lock_file(lock);
 		return clean ? 0 : 1;
 	} else {
@@ -731,7 +731,7 @@ int checkout_fast_forward(const unsigned char *head, const unsigned char *remote
 		return -1;
 	if (write_cache(fd, active_cache, active_nr) ||
 		commit_locked_index(lock_file))
-		die("unable to write new index file");
+		die(_("unable to write new index file"));
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -785,7 +785,7 @@ static int merge_trivial(void)
 	struct commit_list *parent = xmalloc(sizeof(*parent));
 
 	write_tree_trivial(result_tree);
-	printf("Wonderful.\n");
+	printf(_("Wonderful.\n"));
 	parent->item = lookup_commit(head);
 	parent->next = xmalloc(sizeof(*parent->next));
 	parent->next->item = remoteheads->item;
@@ -834,7 +834,7 @@ static int suggest_conflicts(int renormalizing)
 
 	fp = fopen(git_path("MERGE_MSG"), "a");
 	if (!fp)
-		die_errno("Could not open '%s' for writing",
+		die_errno(_("Could not open '%s' for writing"),
 			  git_path("MERGE_MSG"));
 	fprintf(fp, "\nConflicts:\n");
 	for (pos = 0; pos < active_nr; pos++) {
@@ -850,8 +850,8 @@ static int suggest_conflicts(int renormalizing)
 	}
 	fclose(fp);
 	rerere(allow_rerere_auto);
-	printf("Automatic merge failed; "
-			"fix conflicts and then commit the result.\n");
+	printf(_("Automatic merge failed; "
+			"fix conflicts and then commit the result.\n"));
 	return 1;
 }
 
@@ -865,7 +865,7 @@ static struct commit *is_old_style_invocation(int argc, const char **argv)
 			return NULL;
 		second_token = lookup_commit_reference_gently(second_sha1, 0);
 		if (!second_token)
-			die("'%s' is not a commit", argv[1]);
+			die(_("'%s' is not a commit"), argv[1]);
 		if (hashcmp(second_token->object.sha1, head))
 			return NULL;
 	}
@@ -915,10 +915,10 @@ int cmd_merge(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		 * add/rm <file>', just 'git commit'.
 		 */
 		if (advice_resolve_conflict)
-			die("You have not concluded your merge (MERGE_HEAD exists).\n"
-			    "Please, commit your changes before you can merge.");
+			die(_("You have not concluded your merge (MERGE_HEAD exists).\n"
+			    "Please, commit your changes before you can merge."));
 		else
-			die("You have not concluded your merge (MERGE_HEAD exists).");
+			die(_("You have not concluded your merge (MERGE_HEAD exists)."));
 	}
 
 	resolve_undo_clear();
@@ -945,12 +945,12 @@ int cmd_merge(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 
 	if (squash) {
 		if (!allow_fast_forward)
-			die("You cannot combine --squash with --no-ff.");
+			die(_("You cannot combine --squash with --no-ff."));
 		option_commit = 0;
 	}
 
 	if (!allow_fast_forward && fast_forward_only)
-		die("You cannot combine --no-ff with --ff-only.");
+		die(_("You cannot combine --no-ff with --ff-only."));
 
 	if (!argc)
 		usage_with_options(builtin_merge_usage,
@@ -978,16 +978,16 @@ int cmd_merge(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		 * We do the same for "git pull".
 		 */
 		if (argc != 1)
-			die("Can merge only exactly one commit into "
-				"empty head");
+			die(_("Can merge only exactly one commit into "
+				"empty head"));
 		if (squash)
-			die("Squash commit into empty head not supported yet");
+			die(_("Squash commit into empty head not supported yet"));
 		if (!allow_fast_forward)
-			die("Non-fast-forward commit does not make sense into "
-			    "an empty head");
+			die(_("Non-fast-forward commit does not make sense into "
+			    "an empty head"));
 		remote_head = peel_to_type(argv[0], 0, NULL, OBJ_COMMIT);
 		if (!remote_head)
-			die("%s - not something we can merge", argv[0]);
+			die(_("%s - not something we can merge"), argv[0]);
 		update_ref("initial pull", "HEAD", remote_head->sha1, NULL, 0,
 				DIE_ON_ERR);
 		reset_hard(remote_head->sha1, 0);
@@ -1033,7 +1033,7 @@ int cmd_merge(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 
 		o = peel_to_type(argv[i], 0, NULL, OBJ_COMMIT);
 		if (!o)
-			die("%s - not something we can merge", argv[i]);
+			die(_("%s - not something we can merge"), argv[i]);
 		commit = lookup_commit(o->sha1);
 		commit->util = (void *)argv[i];
 		remotes = &commit_list_insert(commit, remotes)->next;
@@ -1091,7 +1091,7 @@ int cmd_merge(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		strcpy(hex, find_unique_abbrev(head, DEFAULT_ABBREV));
 
 		if (verbosity >= 0)
-			printf("Updating %s..%s\n",
+			printf(_("Updating %s..%s\n"),
 				hex,
 				find_unique_abbrev(remoteheads->item->object.sha1,
 				DEFAULT_ABBREV));
@@ -1125,11 +1125,11 @@ int cmd_merge(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		if (allow_trivial && !fast_forward_only) {
 			/* See if it is really trivial. */
 			git_committer_info(IDENT_ERROR_ON_NO_NAME);
-			printf("Trying really trivial in-index merge...\n");
+			printf(_("Trying really trivial in-index merge...\n"));
 			if (!read_tree_trivial(common->item->object.sha1,
 					head, remoteheads->item->object.sha1))
 				return merge_trivial();
-			printf("Nope.\n");
+			printf(_("Nope.\n"));
 		}
 	} else {
 		/*
@@ -1162,7 +1162,7 @@ int cmd_merge(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	}
 
 	if (fast_forward_only)
-		die("Not possible to fast-forward, aborting.");
+		die(_("Not possible to fast-forward, aborting."));
 
 	/* We are going to make a new commit. */
 	git_committer_info(IDENT_ERROR_ON_NO_NAME);
@@ -1188,11 +1188,11 @@ int cmd_merge(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	for (i = 0; i < use_strategies_nr; i++) {
 		int ret;
 		if (i) {
-			printf("Rewinding the tree to pristine...\n");
+			printf(_("Rewinding the tree to pristine...\n"));
 			restore_state();
 		}
 		if (use_strategies_nr != 1)
-			printf("Trying merge strategy %s...\n",
+			printf(_("Trying merge strategy %s...\n"),
 				use_strategies[i]->name);
 		/*
 		 * Remember which strategy left the state in the working
@@ -1253,17 +1253,17 @@ int cmd_merge(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		restore_state();
 		if (use_strategies_nr > 1)
 			fprintf(stderr,
-				"No merge strategy handled the merge.\n");
+				_("No merge strategy handled the merge.\n"));
 		else
-			fprintf(stderr, "Merge with strategy %s failed.\n",
+			fprintf(stderr, _("Merge with strategy %s failed.\n"),
 				use_strategies[0]->name);
 		return 2;
 	} else if (best_strategy == wt_strategy)
 		; /* We already have its result in the working tree. */
 	else {
-		printf("Rewinding the tree to pristine...\n");
+		printf(_("Rewinding the tree to pristine...\n"));
 		restore_state();
-		printf("Using the %s to prepare resolving by hand.\n",
+		printf(_("Using the %s to prepare resolving by hand.\n"),
 			best_strategy);
 		try_merge_strategy(best_strategy, common, head_arg);
 	}
@@ -1279,35 +1279,35 @@ int cmd_merge(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 				sha1_to_hex(j->item->object.sha1));
 		fd = open(git_path("MERGE_HEAD"), O_WRONLY | O_CREAT, 0666);
 		if (fd < 0)
-			die_errno("Could not open '%s' for writing",
+			die_errno(_("Could not open '%s' for writing"),
 				  git_path("MERGE_HEAD"));
 		if (write_in_full(fd, buf.buf, buf.len) != buf.len)
-			die_errno("Could not write to '%s'", git_path("MERGE_HEAD"));
+			die_errno(_("Could not write to '%s'"), git_path("MERGE_HEAD"));
 		close(fd);
 		strbuf_addch(&merge_msg, '\n');
 		fd = open(git_path("MERGE_MSG"), O_WRONLY | O_CREAT, 0666);
 		if (fd < 0)
-			die_errno("Could not open '%s' for writing",
+			die_errno(_("Could not open '%s' for writing"),
 				  git_path("MERGE_MSG"));
 		if (write_in_full(fd, merge_msg.buf, merge_msg.len) !=
 			merge_msg.len)
-			die_errno("Could not write to '%s'", git_path("MERGE_MSG"));
+			die_errno(_("Could not write to '%s'"), git_path("MERGE_MSG"));
 		close(fd);
 		fd = open(git_path("MERGE_MODE"), O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC, 0666);
 		if (fd < 0)
-			die_errno("Could not open '%s' for writing",
+			die_errno(_("Could not open '%s' for writing"),
 				  git_path("MERGE_MODE"));
 		strbuf_reset(&buf);
 		if (!allow_fast_forward)
 			strbuf_addf(&buf, "no-ff");
 		if (write_in_full(fd, buf.buf, buf.len) != buf.len)
-			die_errno("Could not write to '%s'", git_path("MERGE_MODE"));
+			die_errno(_("Could not write to '%s'"), git_path("MERGE_MODE"));
 		close(fd);
 	}
 
 	if (merge_was_ok) {
-		fprintf(stderr, "Automatic merge went well; "
-			"stopped before committing as requested\n");
+		fprintf(stderr, _("Automatic merge went well; "
+			"stopped before committing as requested\n"));
 		return 0;
 	} else
 		return suggest_conflicts(option_renormalize);

diff --git a/builtin/merge.c b/builtin/merge.c
index bf3b313..956ce14 100644
--- a/builtin/merge.c
+++ b/builtin/merge.c
@@ -791,7 +791,7 @@ static int merge_trivial(void)
 	parent->next->item = remoteheads->item;
 	parent->next->next = NULL;
 	commit_tree(merge_msg.buf, result_tree, parent, result_commit, NULL);
-	finish(result_commit, "In-index merge");
+	finish(result_commit, _("In-index merge"));
 	drop_save();
 	return 0;
 }

diff --git a/builtin/merge.c b/builtin/merge.c
index 956ce14..9121c7b 100644
--- a/builtin/merge.c
+++ b/builtin/merge.c
@@ -820,7 +820,7 @@ static int finish_automerge(struct commit_list *common,
 	free_commit_list(remoteheads);
 	strbuf_addch(&merge_msg, '\n');
 	commit_tree(merge_msg.buf, result_tree, parents, result_commit, NULL);
-	strbuf_addf(&buf, "Merge made by %s.", wt_strategy);
+	strbuf_addf(&buf, _("Merge made by %s."), wt_strategy);
 	finish(result_commit, buf.buf);
 	strbuf_release(&buf);
 	drop_save();

diff --git a/builtin/merge.c b/builtin/merge.c
index 9121c7b..ce831bf 100644
--- a/builtin/merge.c
+++ b/builtin/merge.c
@@ -1078,7 +1078,7 @@ int cmd_merge(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		 * If head can reach all the merge then we are up to date.
 		 * but first the most common case of merging one remote.
 		 */
-		finish_up_to_date("Already up-to-date.");
+		finish_up_to_date(_("Already up-to-date."));
 		return 0;
 	} else if (allow_fast_forward && !remoteheads->next &&
 			!common->next &&
@@ -1095,10 +1095,10 @@ int cmd_merge(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 				hex,
 				find_unique_abbrev(remoteheads->item->object.sha1,
 				DEFAULT_ABBREV));
-		strbuf_addstr(&msg, "Fast-forward");
+		strbuf_addstr(&msg, _("Fast-forward"));
 		if (have_message)
 			strbuf_addstr(&msg,
-				" (no commit created; -m option ignored)");
+				_(" (no commit created; -m option ignored)"));
 		o = peel_to_type(sha1_to_hex(remoteheads->item->object.sha1),
 			0, NULL, OBJ_COMMIT);
 		if (!o)
@@ -1156,7 +1156,7 @@ int cmd_merge(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			}
 		}
 		if (up_to_date) {
-			finish_up_to_date("Already up-to-date. Yeeah!");
+			finish_up_to_date(_("Already up-to-date. Yeeah!"));
 			return 0;
 		}
 	}

diff --git a/builtin/mv.c b/builtin/mv.c
index cdbb094..5d99973 100644
--- a/builtin/mv.c
+++ b/builtin/mv.c
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ int cmd_mv(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 
 	newfd = hold_locked_index(&lock_file, 1);
 	if (read_cache() < 0)
-		die("index file corrupt");
+		die(_("index file corrupt"));
 
 	source = copy_pathspec(prefix, argv, argc, 0);
 	modes = xcalloc(argc, sizeof(enum update_mode));
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ int cmd_mv(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		const char *bad = NULL;
 
 		if (show_only)
-			printf("Checking rename of '%s' to '%s'\n", src, dst);
+			printf(_("Checking rename of '%s' to '%s'\n"), src, dst);
 
 		length = strlen(src);
 		if (lstat(src, &st) < 0)
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ int cmd_mv(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 
 			first = cache_name_pos(src_w_slash, len_w_slash);
 			if (first >= 0)
-				die ("Huh? %.*s is in index?",
+				die (_("Huh? %.*s is in index?"),
 						len_w_slash, src_w_slash);
 
 			first = -1 - first;
@@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ int cmd_mv(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 				 * check both source and destination
 				 */
 				if (S_ISREG(st.st_mode) || S_ISLNK(st.st_mode)) {
-					warning("%s; will overwrite!", bad);
+					warning(_("%s; will overwrite!"), bad);
 					bad = NULL;
 				} else
 					bad = "Cannot overwrite";
@@ -193,7 +193,7 @@ int cmd_mv(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 					i--;
 				}
 			} else
-				die ("%s, source=%s, destination=%s",
+				die (_("%s, source=%s, destination=%s"),
 				     bad, src, dst);
 		}
 	}
@@ -203,10 +203,10 @@ int cmd_mv(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		enum update_mode mode = modes[i];
 		int pos;
 		if (show_only || verbose)
-			printf("Renaming %s to %s\n", src, dst);
+			printf(_("Renaming %s to %s\n"), src, dst);
 		if (!show_only && mode != INDEX &&
 				rename(src, dst) < 0 && !ignore_errors)
-			die_errno ("renaming '%s' failed", src);
+			die_errno (_("renaming '%s' failed"), src);
 
 		if (mode == WORKING_DIRECTORY)
 			continue;
@@ -220,7 +220,7 @@ int cmd_mv(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	if (active_cache_changed) {
 		if (write_cache(newfd, active_cache, active_nr) ||
 		    commit_locked_index(&lock_file))
-			die("Unable to write new index file");
+			die(_("Unable to write new index file"));
 	}
 
 	return 0;

diff --git a/builtin/mv.c b/builtin/mv.c
index 5d99973..8c13096 100644
--- a/builtin/mv.c
+++ b/builtin/mv.c
@@ -104,13 +104,13 @@ int cmd_mv(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 
 		length = strlen(src);
 		if (lstat(src, &st) < 0)
-			bad = "bad source";
+			bad = _("bad source");
 		else if (!strncmp(src, dst, length) &&
 				(dst[length] == 0 || dst[length] == '/')) {
-			bad = "can not move directory into itself";
+			bad = _("can not move directory into itself");
 		} else if ((src_is_dir = S_ISDIR(st.st_mode))
 				&& lstat(dst, &st) == 0)
-			bad = "cannot move directory over file";
+			bad = _("cannot move directory over file");
 		else if (src_is_dir) {
 			const char *src_w_slash = add_slash(src);
 			int len_w_slash = length + 1;
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ int cmd_mv(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			free((char *)src_w_slash);
 
 			if (last - first < 1)
-				bad = "source directory is empty";
+				bad = _("source directory is empty");
 			else {
 				int j, dst_len;
 
@@ -163,9 +163,9 @@ int cmd_mv(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 				argc += last - first;
 			}
 		} else if (cache_name_pos(src, length) < 0)
-			bad = "not under version control";
+			bad = _("not under version control");
 		else if (lstat(dst, &st) == 0) {
-			bad = "destination exists";
+			bad = _("destination exists");
 			if (force) {
 				/*
 				 * only files can overwrite each other:
@@ -175,10 +175,10 @@ int cmd_mv(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 					warning(_("%s; will overwrite!"), bad);
 					bad = NULL;
 				} else
-					bad = "Cannot overwrite";
+					bad = _("Cannot overwrite");
 			}
 		} else if (string_list_has_string(&src_for_dst, dst))
-			bad = "multiple sources for the same target";
+			bad = _("multiple sources for the same target");
 		else
 			string_list_insert(&src_for_dst, dst);
 

diff --git a/builtin/rm.c b/builtin/rm.c
index f3772c8..68656f3 100644
--- a/builtin/rm.c
+++ b/builtin/rm.c
@@ -115,19 +115,19 @@ static int check_local_mod(unsigned char *head, int index_only)
 		 */
 		if (local_changes && staged_changes) {
 			if (!index_only || !(ce->ce_flags & CE_INTENT_TO_ADD))
-				errs = error("'%s' has staged content different "
+				errs = error(_("'%s' has staged content different "
 					     "from both the file and the HEAD\n"
-					     "(use -f to force removal)", name);
+					     "(use -f to force removal)"), name);
 		}
 		else if (!index_only) {
 			if (staged_changes)
-				errs = error("'%s' has changes staged in the index\n"
+				errs = error(_("'%s' has changes staged in the index\n"
 					     "(use --cached to keep the file, "
-					     "or -f to force removal)", name);
+					     "or -f to force removal)"), name);
 			if (local_changes)
-				errs = error("'%s' has local modifications\n"
+				errs = error(_("'%s' has local modifications\n"
 					     "(use --cached to keep the file, "
-					     "or -f to force removal)", name);
+					     "or -f to force removal)"), name);
 		}
 	}
 	return errs;
@@ -168,7 +168,7 @@ int cmd_rm(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	newfd = hold_locked_index(&lock_file, 1);
 
 	if (read_cache() < 0)
-		die("index file corrupt");
+		die(_("index file corrupt"));
 
 	pathspec = get_pathspec(prefix, argv);
 	refresh_index(&the_index, REFRESH_QUIET, pathspec, NULL, NULL);
@@ -191,7 +191,7 @@ int cmd_rm(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		for (i = 0; (match = pathspec[i]) != NULL ; i++) {
 			if (!seen[i]) {
 				if (!ignore_unmatch) {
-					die("pathspec '%s' did not match any files",
+					die(_("pathspec '%s' did not match any files"),
 					    match);
 				}
 			}
@@ -199,7 +199,7 @@ int cmd_rm(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 				seen_any = 1;
 			}
 			if (!recursive && seen[i] == MATCHED_RECURSIVELY)
-				die("not removing '%s' recursively without -r",
+				die(_("not removing '%s' recursively without -r"),
 				    *match ? match : ".");
 		}
 
@@ -235,7 +235,7 @@ int cmd_rm(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			printf("rm '%s'\n", path);
 
 		if (remove_file_from_cache(path))
-			die("git rm: unable to remove %s", path);
+			die(_("git rm: unable to remove %s"), path);
 	}
 
 	if (show_only)
@@ -265,7 +265,7 @@ int cmd_rm(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	if (active_cache_changed) {
 		if (write_cache(newfd, active_cache, active_nr) ||
 		    commit_locked_index(&lock_file))
-			die("Unable to write new index file");
+			die(_("Unable to write new index file"));
 	}
 
 	return 0;

diff --git a/builtin/reset.c b/builtin/reset.c
index 0037be4..c198b8e 100644
--- a/builtin/reset.c
+++ b/builtin/reset.c
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
  *
  * Copyright (c) 2005, 2006 Linus Torvalds and Junio C Hamano
  */
-#include "cache.h"
+#include "builtin.h"
 #include "tag.h"
 #include "object.h"
 #include "commit.h"

diff --git a/builtin/reset.c b/builtin/reset.c
index c198b8e..bf69444 100644
--- a/builtin/reset.c
+++ b/builtin/reset.c
@@ -92,20 +92,20 @@ static int reset_index_file(const unsigned char *sha1, int reset_type, int quiet
 	if (reset_type == KEEP) {
 		unsigned char head_sha1[20];
 		if (get_sha1("HEAD", head_sha1))
-			return error("You do not have a valid HEAD.");
+			return error(_("You do not have a valid HEAD."));
 		if (!fill_tree_descriptor(desc, head_sha1))
-			return error("Failed to find tree of HEAD.");
+			return error(_("Failed to find tree of HEAD."));
 		nr++;
 		opts.fn = twoway_merge;
 	}
 
 	if (!fill_tree_descriptor(desc + nr - 1, sha1))
-		return error("Failed to find tree of %s.", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+		return error(_("Failed to find tree of %s."), sha1_to_hex(sha1));
 	if (unpack_trees(nr, desc, &opts))
 		return -1;
 	if (write_cache(newfd, active_cache, active_nr) ||
 	    commit_locked_index(lock))
-		return error("Could not write new index file.");
+		return error(_("Could not write new index file."));
 
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ static void print_new_head_line(struct commit *commit)
 	const char *hex, *body;
 
 	hex = find_unique_abbrev(commit->object.sha1, DEFAULT_ABBREV);
-	printf("HEAD is now at %s", hex);
+	printf(_("HEAD is now at %s"), hex);
 	body = strstr(commit->buffer, "\n\n");
 	if (body) {
 		const char *eol;
@@ -139,10 +139,10 @@ static int update_index_refresh(int fd, struct lock_file *index_lock, int flags)
 	}
 
 	if (read_cache() < 0)
-		return error("Could not read index");
+		return error(_("Could not read index"));
 
 	result = refresh_index(&the_index, (flags), NULL, NULL,
-			       "Unstaged changes after reset:") ? 1 : 0;
+			       _("Unstaged changes after reset:")) ? 1 : 0;
 	if (write_cache(fd, active_cache, active_nr) ||
 			commit_locked_index(index_lock))
 		return error ("Could not refresh index");
@@ -167,7 +167,7 @@ static void update_index_from_diff(struct diff_queue_struct *q,
 			ce = make_cache_entry(one->mode, one->sha1, one->path,
 				0, 0);
 			if (!ce)
-				die("make_cache_entry failed for path '%s'",
+				die(_("make_cache_entry failed for path '%s'"),
 				    one->path);
 			add_cache_entry(ce, ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_ADD |
 				ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_REPLACE);
@@ -222,7 +222,7 @@ static void prepend_reflog_action(const char *action, char *buf, size_t size)
 	if (!rla)
 		rla = sep = "";
 	if (snprintf(buf, size, "%s%s%s", rla, sep, action) >= size)
-		warning("Reflog action message too long: %.*s...", 50, buf);
+		warning(_("Reflog action message too long: %.*s..."), 50, buf);
 }
 
 static void die_if_unmerged_cache(int reset_type)
@@ -300,16 +300,16 @@ int cmd_reset(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	}
 
 	if (get_sha1(rev, sha1))
-		die("Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref.", rev);
+		die(_("Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref."), rev);
 
 	commit = lookup_commit_reference(sha1);
 	if (!commit)
-		die("Could not parse object '%s'.", rev);
+		die(_("Could not parse object '%s'."), rev);
 	hashcpy(sha1, commit->object.sha1);
 
 	if (patch_mode) {
 		if (reset_type != NONE)
-			die("--patch is incompatible with --{hard,mixed,soft}");
+			die(_("--patch is incompatible with --{hard,mixed,soft}"));
 		return interactive_reset(rev, argv + i, prefix);
 	}
 
@@ -318,9 +318,9 @@ int cmd_reset(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	 * affecting the working tree nor HEAD. */
 	if (i < argc) {
 		if (reset_type == MIXED)
-			warning("--mixed with paths is deprecated; use 'git reset -- <paths>' instead.");
+			warning(_("--mixed with paths is deprecated; use 'git reset -- <paths>' instead."));
 		else if (reset_type != NONE)
-			die("Cannot do %s reset with paths.",
+			die("Cannot do %s reset with paths."
 					reset_type_names[reset_type]);
 		return read_from_tree(prefix, argv + i, sha1,
 				quiet ? REFRESH_QUIET : REFRESH_IN_PORCELAIN);
@@ -348,7 +348,7 @@ int cmd_reset(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		if (reset_type == KEEP)
 			err = err || reset_index_file(sha1, MIXED, quiet);
 		if (err)
-			die("Could not reset index file to revision '%s'.", rev);
+			die(_("Could not reset index file to revision '%s'."), rev);
 	}
 
 	/* Any resets update HEAD to the head being switched to,

diff --git a/builtin/reset.c b/builtin/reset.c
index bf69444..0557688 100644
--- a/builtin/reset.c
+++ b/builtin/reset.c
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ static const char * const git_reset_usage[] = {
 
 enum reset_type { MIXED, SOFT, HARD, MERGE, KEEP, NONE };
 static const char *reset_type_names[] = {
-	"mixed", "soft", "hard", "merge", "keep", NULL
+	N_("mixed"), N_("soft"), N_("hard"), N_("merge"), N_("keep"), NULL
 };
 
 static char *args_to_str(const char **argv)
@@ -228,8 +228,8 @@ static void prepend_reflog_action(const char *action, char *buf, size_t size)
 static void die_if_unmerged_cache(int reset_type)
 {
 	if (is_merge() || read_cache() < 0 || unmerged_cache())
-		die("Cannot do a %s reset in the middle of a merge.",
-		    reset_type_names[reset_type]);
+		die(_("Cannot do a %s reset in the middle of a merge."),
+		    _(reset_type_names[reset_type]));
 
 }
 
@@ -320,8 +320,8 @@ int cmd_reset(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		if (reset_type == MIXED)
 			warning(_("--mixed with paths is deprecated; use 'git reset -- <paths>' instead."));
 		else if (reset_type != NONE)
-			die("Cannot do %s reset with paths."
-					reset_type_names[reset_type]);
+			die(_("Cannot do %s reset with paths."),
+					_(reset_type_names[reset_type]));
 		return read_from_tree(prefix, argv + i, sha1,
 				quiet ? REFRESH_QUIET : REFRESH_IN_PORCELAIN);
 	}
@@ -332,8 +332,8 @@ int cmd_reset(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		setup_work_tree();
 
 	if (reset_type == MIXED && is_bare_repository())
-		die("%s reset is not allowed in a bare repository",
-		    reset_type_names[reset_type]);
+		die(_("%s reset is not allowed in a bare repository"),
+		    _(reset_type_names[reset_type]));
 
 	/* Soft reset does not touch the index file nor the working tree
 	 * at all, but requires them in a good order.  Other resets reset

diff --git a/builtin/tag.c b/builtin/tag.c
index c200e1e..7870d87 100644
--- a/builtin/tag.c
+++ b/builtin/tag.c
@@ -120,12 +120,12 @@ static int for_each_tag_name(const char **argv, each_tag_name_fn fn)
 	for (p = argv; *p; p++) {
 		if (snprintf(ref, sizeof(ref), "refs/tags/%s", *p)
 					>= sizeof(ref)) {
-			error("tag name too long: %.*s...", 50, *p);
+			error(_("tag name too long: %.*s..."), 50, *p);
 			had_error = 1;
 			continue;
 		}
 		if (!resolve_ref(ref, sha1, 1, NULL)) {
-			error("tag '%s' not found.", *p);
+			error(_("tag '%s' not found."), *p);
 			had_error = 1;
 			continue;
 		}
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ static int delete_tag(const char *name, const char *ref,
 {
 	if (delete_ref(ref, sha1, 0))
 		return 1;
-	printf("Deleted tag '%s' (was %s)\n", name, find_unique_abbrev(sha1, DEFAULT_ABBREV));
+	printf(_("Deleted tag '%s' (was %s)\n"), name, find_unique_abbrev(sha1, DEFAULT_ABBREV));
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ static int verify_tag(const char *name, const char *ref,
 	argv_verify_tag[2] = sha1_to_hex(sha1);
 
 	if (run_command_v_opt(argv_verify_tag, RUN_GIT_CMD))
-		return error("could not verify the tag '%s'", name);
+		return error(_("could not verify the tag '%s'"), name);
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -167,7 +167,7 @@ static int do_sign(struct strbuf *buffer)
 	if (!*signingkey) {
 		if (strlcpy(signingkey, git_committer_info(IDENT_ERROR_ON_NO_NAME),
 				sizeof(signingkey)) > sizeof(signingkey) - 1)
-			return error("committer info too long.");
+			return error(_("committer info too long."));
 		bracket = strchr(signingkey, '>');
 		if (bracket)
 			bracket[1] = '\0';
@@ -187,20 +187,20 @@ static int do_sign(struct strbuf *buffer)
 	args[3] = NULL;
 
 	if (start_command(&gpg))
-		return error("could not run gpg.");
+		return error(_("could not run gpg."));
 
 	if (write_in_full(gpg.in, buffer->buf, buffer->len) != buffer->len) {
 		close(gpg.in);
 		close(gpg.out);
 		finish_command(&gpg);
-		return error("gpg did not accept the tag data");
+		return error(_("gpg did not accept the tag data"));
 	}
 	close(gpg.in);
 	len = strbuf_read(buffer, gpg.out, 1024);
 	close(gpg.out);
 
 	if (finish_command(&gpg) || !len || len < 0)
-		return error("gpg failed to sign the tag");
+		return error(_("gpg failed to sign the tag"));
 
 	/* Strip CR from the line endings, in case we are on Windows. */
 	for (i = j = 0; i < buffer->len; i++)
@@ -223,7 +223,7 @@ static const char tag_template[] =
 static void set_signingkey(const char *value)
 {
 	if (strlcpy(signingkey, value, sizeof(signingkey)) >= sizeof(signingkey))
-		die("signing key value too long (%.10s...)", value);
+		die(_("signing key value too long (%.10s...)"), value);
 }
 
 static int git_tag_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
@@ -269,9 +269,9 @@ static void write_tag_body(int fd, const unsigned char *sha1)
 static int build_tag_object(struct strbuf *buf, int sign, unsigned char *result)
 {
 	if (sign && do_sign(buf) < 0)
-		return error("unable to sign the tag");
+		return error(_("unable to sign the tag"));
 	if (write_sha1_file(buf->buf, buf->len, tag_type, result) < 0)
-		return error("unable to write tag file");
+		return error(_("unable to write tag file"));
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -286,7 +286,7 @@ static void create_tag(const unsigned char *object, const char *tag,
 
 	type = sha1_object_info(object, NULL);
 	if (type <= OBJ_NONE)
-	    die("bad object type.");
+	    die(_("bad object type."));
 
 	header_len = snprintf(header_buf, sizeof(header_buf),
 			  "object %s\n"
@@ -299,7 +299,7 @@ static void create_tag(const unsigned char *object, const char *tag,
 			  git_committer_info(IDENT_ERROR_ON_NO_NAME));
 
 	if (header_len > sizeof(header_buf) - 1)
-		die("tag header too big.");
+		die(_("tag header too big."));
 
 	if (!message) {
 		int fd;
@@ -308,7 +308,7 @@ static void create_tag(const unsigned char *object, const char *tag,
 		path = git_pathdup("TAG_EDITMSG");
 		fd = open(path, O_CREAT | O_TRUNC | O_WRONLY, 0600);
 		if (fd < 0)
-			die_errno("could not create file '%s'", path);
+			die_errno(_("could not create file '%s'"), path);
 
 		if (!is_null_sha1(prev))
 			write_tag_body(fd, prev);
@@ -318,7 +318,7 @@ static void create_tag(const unsigned char *object, const char *tag,
 
 		if (launch_editor(path, buf, NULL)) {
 			fprintf(stderr,
-			"Please supply the message using either -m or -F option.\n");
+			_("Please supply the message using either -m or -F option.\n"));
 			exit(1);
 		}
 	}
@@ -326,13 +326,13 @@ static void create_tag(const unsigned char *object, const char *tag,
 	stripspace(buf, 1);
 
 	if (!message && !buf->len)
-		die("no tag message?");
+		die(_("no tag message?"));
 
 	strbuf_insert(buf, 0, header_buf, header_len);
 
 	if (build_tag_object(buf, sign, result) < 0) {
 		if (path)
-			fprintf(stderr, "The tag message has been left in %s\n",
+			fprintf(stderr, _("The tag message has been left in %s\n"),
 				path);
 		exit(128);
 	}
@@ -425,9 +425,9 @@ int cmd_tag(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		return list_tags(argv[0], lines == -1 ? 0 : lines,
 				 with_commit);
 	if (lines != -1)
-		die("-n option is only allowed with -l.");
+		die(_("-n option is only allowed with -l."));
 	if (with_commit)
-		die("--contains option is only allowed with -l.");
+		die(_("--contains option is only allowed with -l."));
 	if (delete)
 		return for_each_tag_name(argv, delete_tag);
 	if (verify)
@@ -435,17 +435,17 @@ int cmd_tag(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 
 	if (msg.given || msgfile) {
 		if (msg.given && msgfile)
-			die("only one -F or -m option is allowed.");
+			die(_("only one -F or -m option is allowed."));
 		annotate = 1;
 		if (msg.given)
 			strbuf_addbuf(&buf, &(msg.buf));
 		else {
 			if (!strcmp(msgfile, "-")) {
 				if (strbuf_read(&buf, 0, 1024) < 0)
-					die_errno("cannot read '%s'", msgfile);
+					die_errno(_("cannot read '%s'"), msgfile);
 			} else {
 				if (strbuf_read_file(&buf, msgfile, 1024) < 0)
-					die_errno("could not open or read '%s'",
+					die_errno(_("could not open or read '%s'"),
 						msgfile);
 			}
 		}
@@ -455,20 +455,20 @@ int cmd_tag(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 
 	object_ref = argc == 2 ? argv[1] : "HEAD";
 	if (argc > 2)
-		die("too many params");
+		die(_("too many params"));
 
 	if (get_sha1(object_ref, object))
-		die("Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref.", object_ref);
+		die(_("Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref."), object_ref);
 
 	if (snprintf(ref, sizeof(ref), "refs/tags/%s", tag) > sizeof(ref) - 1)
-		die("tag name too long: %.*s...", 50, tag);
+		die(_("tag name too long: %.*s..."), 50, tag);
 	if (check_ref_format(ref))
-		die("'%s' is not a valid tag name.", tag);
+		die(_("'%s' is not a valid tag name."), tag);
 
 	if (!resolve_ref(ref, prev, 1, NULL))
 		hashclr(prev);
 	else if (!force)
-		die("tag '%s' already exists", tag);
+		die(_("tag '%s' already exists"), tag);
 
 	if (annotate)
 		create_tag(object, tag, &buf, msg.given || msgfile,
@@ -476,11 +476,11 @@ int cmd_tag(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 
 	lock = lock_any_ref_for_update(ref, prev, 0);
 	if (!lock)
-		die("%s: cannot lock the ref", ref);
+		die(_("%s: cannot lock the ref"), ref);
 	if (write_ref_sha1(lock, object, NULL) < 0)
-		die("%s: cannot update the ref", ref);
+		die(_("%s: cannot update the ref"), ref);
 	if (force && hashcmp(prev, object))
-		printf("Updated tag '%s' (was %s)\n", tag, find_unique_abbrev(prev, DEFAULT_ABBREV));
+		printf(_("Updated tag '%s' (was %s)\n"), tag, find_unique_abbrev(prev, DEFAULT_ABBREV));
 
 	strbuf_release(&buf);
 	return 0;

diff --git a/builtin/tag.c b/builtin/tag.c
index 7870d87..4841621 100644
--- a/builtin/tag.c
+++ b/builtin/tag.c
@@ -215,10 +215,10 @@ static int do_sign(struct strbuf *buffer)
 }
 
 static const char tag_template[] =
-	"\n"
+	N_("\n"
 	"#\n"
 	"# Write a tag message\n"
-	"#\n";
+	"#\n");
 
 static void set_signingkey(const char *value)
 {
@@ -313,7 +313,7 @@ static void create_tag(const unsigned char *object, const char *tag,
 		if (!is_null_sha1(prev))
 			write_tag_body(fd, prev);
 		else
-			write_or_die(fd, tag_template, strlen(tag_template));
+			write_or_die(fd, _(tag_template), strlen(_(tag_template)));
 		close(fd);
 
 		if (launch_editor(path, buf, NULL)) {

diff --git a/builtin/push.c b/builtin/push.c
index e655eb7..8c8d8c7 100644
--- a/builtin/push.c
+++ b/builtin/push.c
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ static void set_refspecs(const char **refs, int nr)
 			char *tag;
 			int len;
 			if (nr <= ++i)
-				die("tag shorthand without <tag>");
+				die(_("tag shorthand without <tag>"));
 			len = strlen(refs[i]) + 11;
 			if (deleterefs) {
 				tag = xmalloc(len+1);
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ static void set_refspecs(const char **refs, int nr)
 			strcat(delref, ref);
 			ref = delref;
 		} else if (deleterefs)
-			die("--delete only accepts plain target ref names");
+			die(_("--delete only accepts plain target ref names"));
 		add_refspec(ref);
 	}
 }
@@ -69,13 +69,13 @@ static void setup_push_tracking(void)
 	struct strbuf refspec = STRBUF_INIT;
 	struct branch *branch = branch_get(NULL);
 	if (!branch)
-		die("You are not currently on a branch.");
+		die(_("You are not currently on a branch."));
 	if (!branch->merge_nr || !branch->merge)
-		die("The current branch %s is not tracking anything.",
+		die(_("The current branch %s is not tracking anything."),
 		    branch->name);
 	if (branch->merge_nr != 1)
-		die("The current branch %s is tracking multiple branches, "
-		    "refusing to push.", branch->name);
+		die(_("The current branch %s is tracking multiple branches, "
+		    "refusing to push."), branch->name);
 	strbuf_addf(&refspec, "%s:%s", branch->name, branch->merge[0]->src);
 	add_refspec(refspec.buf);
 }
@@ -97,8 +97,8 @@ static void setup_default_push_refspecs(void)
 		break;
 
 	case PUSH_DEFAULT_NOTHING:
-		die("You didn't specify any refspecs to push, and "
-		    "push.default is \"nothing\".");
+		die(_("You didn't specify any refspecs to push, and "
+		    "push.default is \"nothing\"."));
 		break;
 	}
 }
@@ -117,11 +117,11 @@ static int push_with_options(struct transport *transport, int flags)
 		transport_set_option(transport, TRANS_OPT_THIN, "yes");
 
 	if (verbosity > 0)
-		fprintf(stderr, "Pushing to %s\n", transport->url);
+		fprintf(stderr, _("Pushing to %s\n"), transport->url);
 	err = transport_push(transport, refspec_nr, refspec, flags,
 			     &nonfastforward);
 	if (err != 0)
-		error("failed to push some refs to '%s'", transport->url);
+		error(_("failed to push some refs to '%s'"), transport->url);
 
 	err |= transport_disconnect(transport);
 
@@ -129,9 +129,9 @@ static int push_with_options(struct transport *transport, int flags)
 		return 0;
 
 	if (nonfastforward && advice_push_nonfastforward) {
-		fprintf(stderr, "To prevent you from losing history, non-fast-forward updates were rejected\n"
+		fprintf(stderr, _("To prevent you from losing history, non-fast-forward updates were rejected\n"
 				"Merge the remote changes (e.g. 'git pull') before pushing again.  See the\n"
-				"'Note about fast-forwards' section of 'git push --help' for details.\n");
+				"'Note about fast-forwards' section of 'git push --help' for details.\n"));
 	}
 
 	return 1;
@@ -146,8 +146,8 @@ static int do_push(const char *repo, int flags)
 
 	if (!remote) {
 		if (repo)
-			die("bad repository '%s'", repo);
-		die("No destination configured to push to.");
+			die(_("bad repository '%s'"), repo);
+		die(_("No destination configured to push to."));
 	}
 
 	if (remote->mirror)
@@ -155,19 +155,19 @@ static int do_push(const char *repo, int flags)
 
 	if ((flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_ALL) && refspec) {
 		if (!strcmp(*refspec, "refs/tags/*"))
-			return error("--all and --tags are incompatible");
-		return error("--all can't be combined with refspecs");
+			return error(_("--all and --tags are incompatible"));
+		return error(_("--all can't be combined with refspecs"));
 	}
 
 	if ((flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_MIRROR) && refspec) {
 		if (!strcmp(*refspec, "refs/tags/*"))
-			return error("--mirror and --tags are incompatible");
-		return error("--mirror can't be combined with refspecs");
+			return error(_("--mirror and --tags are incompatible"));
+		return error(_("--mirror can't be combined with refspecs"));
 	}
 
 	if ((flags & (TRANSPORT_PUSH_ALL|TRANSPORT_PUSH_MIRROR)) ==
 				(TRANSPORT_PUSH_ALL|TRANSPORT_PUSH_MIRROR)) {
-		return error("--all and --mirror are incompatible");
+		return error(_("--all and --mirror are incompatible"));
 	}
 
 	if (!refspec && !(flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_ALL)) {
@@ -232,9 +232,9 @@ int cmd_push(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, options, push_usage, 0);
 
 	if (deleterefs && (tags || (flags & (TRANSPORT_PUSH_ALL | TRANSPORT_PUSH_MIRROR))))
-		die("--delete is incompatible with --all, --mirror and --tags");
+		die(_("--delete is incompatible with --all, --mirror and --tags"));
 	if (deleterefs && argc < 2)
-		die("--delete doesn't make sense without any refs");
+		die(_("--delete doesn't make sense without any refs"));
 
 	if (tags)
 		add_refspec("refs/tags/*");

diff --git a/wt-status.c b/wt-status.c
index 54b6b03..7716dd9 100644
--- a/wt-status.c
+++ b/wt-status.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+#include "builtin.h"
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "wt-status.h"
 #include "object.h"

diff --git a/wt-status.c b/wt-status.c
index 7716dd9..1c1a575 100644
--- a/wt-status.c
+++ b/wt-status.c
@@ -54,16 +54,16 @@ static void wt_status_print_unmerged_header(struct wt_status *s)
 {
 	const char *c = color(WT_STATUS_HEADER, s);
 
-	color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, c, "# Unmerged paths:");
+	color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, c, _("# Unmerged paths:"));
 	if (!advice_status_hints)
 		return;
 	if (s->in_merge)
 		;
 	else if (!s->is_initial)
-		color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, c, "#   (use \"git reset %s <file>...\" to unstage)", s->reference);
+		color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, c, _("#   (use \"git reset %s <file>...\" to unstage)"), s->reference);
 	else
-		color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, c, "#   (use \"git rm --cached <file>...\" to unstage)");
-	color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, c, "#   (use \"git add/rm <file>...\" as appropriate to mark resolution)");
+		color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, c, _("#   (use \"git rm --cached <file>...\" to unstage)"));
+	color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, c, _("#   (use \"git add/rm <file>...\" as appropriate to mark resolution)"));
 	color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, c, "#");
 }
 
@@ -71,15 +71,15 @@ static void wt_status_print_cached_header(struct wt_status *s)
 {
 	const char *c = color(WT_STATUS_HEADER, s);
 
-	color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, c, "# Changes to be committed:");
+	color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, c, _("# Changes to be committed:"));
 	if (!advice_status_hints)
 		return;
 	if (s->in_merge)
 		; /* NEEDSWORK: use "git reset --unresolve"??? */
 	else if (!s->is_initial)
-		color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, c, "#   (use \"git reset %s <file>...\" to unstage)", s->reference);
+		color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, c, _("#   (use \"git reset %s <file>...\" to unstage)"), s->reference);
 	else
-		color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, c, "#   (use \"git rm --cached <file>...\" to unstage)");
+		color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, c, _("#   (use \"git rm --cached <file>...\" to unstage)"));
 	color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, c, "#");
 }
 
@@ -89,16 +89,16 @@ static void wt_status_print_dirty_header(struct wt_status *s,
 {
 	const char *c = color(WT_STATUS_HEADER, s);
 
-	color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, c, "# Changed but not updated:");
+	color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, c, _("# Changed but not updated:"));
 	if (!advice_status_hints)
 		return;
 	if (!has_deleted)
-		color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, c, "#   (use \"git add <file>...\" to update what will be committed)");
+		color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, c, _("#   (use \"git add <file>...\" to update what will be committed)"));
 	else
-		color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, c, "#   (use \"git add/rm <file>...\" to update what will be committed)");
-	color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, c, "#   (use \"git checkout -- <file>...\" to discard changes in working directory)");
+		color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, c, _("#   (use \"git add/rm <file>...\" to update what will be committed)"));
+	color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, c, _("#   (use \"git checkout -- <file>...\" to discard changes in working directory)"));
 	if (has_dirty_submodules)
-		color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, c, "#   (commit or discard the untracked or modified content in submodules)");
+		color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, c, _("#   (commit or discard the untracked or modified content in submodules)"));
 	color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, c, "#");
 }
 
@@ -107,10 +107,10 @@ static void wt_status_print_other_header(struct wt_status *s,
 					 const char *how)
 {
 	const char *c = color(WT_STATUS_HEADER, s);
-	color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, c, "# %s files:", what);
+	color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, c, _("# %s files:"), what);
 	if (!advice_status_hints)
 		return;
-	color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, c, "#   (use \"git %s <file>...\" to include in what will be committed)", how);
+	color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, c, _("#   (use \"git %s <file>...\" to include in what will be committed)"), how);
 	color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, c, "#");
 }
 
@@ -127,18 +127,18 @@ static void wt_status_print_unmerged_data(struct wt_status *s,
 	const char *c = color(WT_STATUS_UNMERGED, s);
 	struct wt_status_change_data *d = it->util;
 	struct strbuf onebuf = STRBUF_INIT;
-	const char *one, *how = "bug";
+	const char *one, *how = _("bug");
 
 	one = quote_path(it->string, -1, &onebuf, s->prefix);
 	color_fprintf(s->fp, color(WT_STATUS_HEADER, s), "#\t");
 	switch (d->stagemask) {
-	case 1: how = "both deleted:"; break;
-	case 2: how = "added by us:"; break;
-	case 3: how = "deleted by them:"; break;
-	case 4: how = "added by them:"; break;
-	case 5: how = "deleted by us:"; break;
-	case 6: how = "both added:"; break;
-	case 7: how = "both modified:"; break;
+	case 1: how = _("both deleted:"); break;
+	case 2: how = _("added by us:"); break;
+	case 3: how = _("deleted by them:"); break;
+	case 4: how = _("added by them:"); break;
+	case 5: how = _("deleted by us:"); break;
+	case 6: how = _("both added:"); break;
+	case 7: how = _("both modified:"); break;
 	}
 	color_fprintf(s->fp, c, "%-20s%s\n", how, one);
 	strbuf_release(&onebuf);
@@ -168,11 +168,11 @@ static void wt_status_print_change_data(struct wt_status *s,
 		if (d->new_submodule_commits || d->dirty_submodule) {
 			strbuf_addstr(&extra, " (");
 			if (d->new_submodule_commits)
-				strbuf_addf(&extra, "new commits, ");
+				strbuf_addf(&extra, _("new commits, "));
 			if (d->dirty_submodule & DIRTY_SUBMODULE_MODIFIED)
-				strbuf_addf(&extra, "modified content, ");
+				strbuf_addf(&extra, _("modified content, "));
 			if (d->dirty_submodule & DIRTY_SUBMODULE_UNTRACKED)
-				strbuf_addf(&extra, "untracked content, ");
+				strbuf_addf(&extra, _("untracked content, "));
 			strbuf_setlen(&extra, extra.len - 2);
 			strbuf_addch(&extra, ')');
 		}
@@ -186,31 +186,31 @@ static void wt_status_print_change_data(struct wt_status *s,
 	color_fprintf(s->fp, color(WT_STATUS_HEADER, s), "#\t");
 	switch (status) {
 	case DIFF_STATUS_ADDED:
-		color_fprintf(s->fp, c, "new file:   %s", one);
+		color_fprintf(s->fp, c, _("new file:   %s"), one);
 		break;
 	case DIFF_STATUS_COPIED:
-		color_fprintf(s->fp, c, "copied:     %s -> %s", one, two);
+		color_fprintf(s->fp, c, _("copied:     %s -> %s"), one, two);
 		break;
 	case DIFF_STATUS_DELETED:
-		color_fprintf(s->fp, c, "deleted:    %s", one);
+		color_fprintf(s->fp, c, _("deleted:    %s"), one);
 		break;
 	case DIFF_STATUS_MODIFIED:
-		color_fprintf(s->fp, c, "modified:   %s", one);
+		color_fprintf(s->fp, c, _("modified:   %s"), one);
 		break;
 	case DIFF_STATUS_RENAMED:
-		color_fprintf(s->fp, c, "renamed:    %s -> %s", one, two);
+		color_fprintf(s->fp, c, _("renamed:    %s -> %s"), one, two);
 		break;
 	case DIFF_STATUS_TYPE_CHANGED:
-		color_fprintf(s->fp, c, "typechange: %s", one);
+		color_fprintf(s->fp, c, _("typechange: %s"), one);
 		break;
 	case DIFF_STATUS_UNKNOWN:
-		color_fprintf(s->fp, c, "unknown:    %s", one);
+		color_fprintf(s->fp, c, _("unknown:    %s"), one);
 		break;
 	case DIFF_STATUS_UNMERGED:
-		color_fprintf(s->fp, c, "unmerged:   %s", one);
+		color_fprintf(s->fp, c, _("unmerged:   %s"), one);
 		break;
 	default:
-		die("bug: unhandled diff status %c", status);
+		die(_("bug: unhandled diff status %c"), status);
 	}
 	if (extra.len) {
 		color_fprintf(s->fp, color(WT_STATUS_HEADER, s), "%s", extra.buf);
@@ -633,14 +633,14 @@ void wt_status_print(struct wt_status *s)
 	const char *branch_color = color(WT_STATUS_HEADER, s);
 
 	if (s->branch) {
-		const char *on_what = "On branch ";
+		const char *on_what = _("On branch ");
 		const char *branch_name = s->branch;
 		if (!prefixcmp(branch_name, "refs/heads/"))
 			branch_name += 11;
 		else if (!strcmp(branch_name, "HEAD")) {
 			branch_name = "";
 			branch_color = color(WT_STATUS_NOBRANCH, s);
-			on_what = "Not currently on any branch.";
+			on_what = _("Not currently on any branch.");
 		}
 		color_fprintf(s->fp, color(WT_STATUS_HEADER, s), "# ");
 		color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, branch_color, "%s%s", on_what, branch_name);
@@ -650,7 +650,7 @@ void wt_status_print(struct wt_status *s)
 
 	if (s->is_initial) {
 		color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, color(WT_STATUS_HEADER, s), "#");
-		color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, color(WT_STATUS_HEADER, s), "# Initial commit");
+		color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, color(WT_STATUS_HEADER, s), _("# Initial commit"));
 		color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, color(WT_STATUS_HEADER, s), "#");
 	}
 
@@ -664,38 +664,38 @@ void wt_status_print(struct wt_status *s)
 		wt_status_print_submodule_summary(s, 1);  /* unstaged */
 	}
 	if (s->show_untracked_files) {
-		wt_status_print_other(s, &s->untracked, "Untracked", "add");
+		wt_status_print_other(s, &s->untracked, _("Untracked"), _("add"));
 		if (s->show_ignored_files)
-			wt_status_print_other(s, &s->ignored, "Ignored", "add -f");
+			wt_status_print_other(s, &s->ignored, _("Ignored"), _("add -f"));
 	} else if (s->commitable)
-		fprintf(s->fp, "# Untracked files not listed%s\n",
+		fprintf(s->fp, _("# Untracked files not listed%s\n"),
 			advice_status_hints
-			? " (use -u option to show untracked files)" : "");
+			? _(" (use -u option to show untracked files)") : "");
 
 	if (s->verbose)
 		wt_status_print_verbose(s);
 	if (!s->commitable) {
 		if (s->amend)
-			fprintf(s->fp, "# No changes\n");
+			fprintf(s->fp, _("# No changes\n"));
 		else if (s->nowarn)
 			; /* nothing */
 		else if (s->workdir_dirty)
-			printf("no changes added to commit%s\n",
+			printf(_("no changes added to commit%s\n"),
 				advice_status_hints
-				? " (use \"git add\" and/or \"git commit -a\")" : "");
+				? _(" (use \"git add\" and/or \"git commit -a\")") : "");
 		else if (s->untracked.nr)
-			printf("nothing added to commit but untracked files present%s\n",
+			printf(_("nothing added to commit but untracked files present%s\n"),
 				advice_status_hints
-				? " (use \"git add\" to track)" : "");
+				? _(" (use \"git add\" to track)") : "");
 		else if (s->is_initial)
 			printf("nothing to commit%s\n", advice_status_hints
-				? " (create/copy files and use \"git add\" to track)" : "");
+				? _(" (create/copy files and use \"git add\" to track)") : "");
 		else if (!s->show_untracked_files)
-			printf("nothing to commit%s\n", advice_status_hints
-				? " (use -u to show untracked files)" : "");
+			printf(_("nothing to commit%s\n"), advice_status_hints
+				? _(" (use -u to show untracked files)") : "");
 		else
-			printf("nothing to commit%s\n", advice_status_hints
-				? " (working directory clean)" : "");
+			printf(_("nothing to commit%s\n"), advice_status_hints
+				? _(" (working directory clean)") : "");
 	}
 }
 

diff --git a/wt-status.c b/wt-status.c
index 1c1a575..fc377f3 100644
--- a/wt-status.c
+++ b/wt-status.c
@@ -793,13 +793,13 @@ static void wt_shortstatus_print_tracking(struct wt_status *s)
 	if (!prefixcmp(branch_name, "refs/heads/"))
 		branch_name += 11;
 	else if (!strcmp(branch_name, "HEAD")) {
-		branch_name = "HEAD (no branch)";
+		branch_name = _("HEAD (no branch)");
 		branch_color_local = color(WT_STATUS_NOBRANCH, s);
 	}
 
 	branch = branch_get(s->branch + 11);
 	if (s->is_initial)
-		color_fprintf(s->fp, header_color, "Initial commit on ");
+		color_fprintf(s->fp, header_color, _("Initial commit on "));
 	if (!stat_tracking_info(branch, &num_ours, &num_theirs)) {
 		color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, branch_color_local,
 			"%s", branch_name);
@@ -814,15 +814,15 @@ static void wt_shortstatus_print_tracking(struct wt_status *s)
 
 	color_fprintf(s->fp, header_color, " [");
 	if (!num_ours) {
-		color_fprintf(s->fp, header_color, "behind ");
+		color_fprintf(s->fp, header_color, _("behind "));
 		color_fprintf(s->fp, branch_color_remote, "%d", num_theirs);
 	} else if (!num_theirs) {
-		color_fprintf(s->fp, header_color, "ahead ");
+		color_fprintf(s->fp, header_color, _("ahead "));
 		color_fprintf(s->fp, branch_color_local, "%d", num_ours);
 	} else {
-		color_fprintf(s->fp, header_color, "ahead ");
+		color_fprintf(s->fp, header_color, _("ahead "));
 		color_fprintf(s->fp, branch_color_local, "%d", num_ours);
-		color_fprintf(s->fp, header_color, ", behind ");
+		color_fprintf(s->fp, header_color, _(", behind "));
 		color_fprintf(s->fp, branch_color_remote, "%d", num_theirs);
 	}