Re: [PATCH 12/15] [GSOC] cat-file: reuse ref-filter logic

> From: ZheNing Hu <adlternative@gmail.com>
>
> In order to let cat-file use ref-filter logic, let's do the
> following:
>
> 1. Change the type of member `format` in struct `batch_options`
> to `ref_format`, we will pass it to ref-filter later.
> 2. Let `batch_objects()` add atoms to format, and use
> `verify_ref_format()` to check atoms.
> 3. Use `format_ref_array_item()` in `batch_object_write()` to
> get the formatted data corresponding to the object. If the
> return value of `format_ref_array_item()` is equals to zero,
> use `batch_write()` to print object data; else if the return
> value is less than zero, use `die()` to print the error message
> and exit; else if return value is greater than zero, only print
> the error message, but don't exit.
> 4. Use free_ref_array_item_value() to free ref_array_item's
> value.
>
> Most of the atoms in `for-each-ref --format` are now supported,
> such as `%(tree)`, `%(parent)`, `%(author)`, `%(tagger)`, `%(if)`,
> `%(then)`, `%(else)`, `%(end)`. But these atoms will be rejected:
> `%(refname)`, `%(symref)`, `%(upstream)`, `%(push)`, `%(worktreepath)`,
> `%(flag)`, `%(HEAD)`, because these atoms are unique to those objects
> that pointed to by a ref, "for-each-ref"'s family can naturally use
> these atoms, but not all objects are pointed to be a ref, so "cat-file"
> will not be able to use them.
>
> The performance for `git cat-file --batch-all-objects
> --batch-check` on the Git repository itself with performance
> testing tool `hyperfine` changes from 669.4 ms ±  31.1 ms to
> 1.134 s ±  0.063 s.
>
> The performance for `git cat-file --batch-all-objects --batch
>>/dev/null` on the Git repository itself with performance testing
> tool `time` change from "27.37s user 0.29s system 98% cpu 28.089
> total" to "33.69s user 1.54s system 87% cpu 40.258 total".