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[PATCH v3 2/2] commit: allow -c/-C for all kinds of --fixup

From
Eerik@cervined.in <erik@cervined.in>
Date
Sep 22, 2026, 13:04 UTC
Message-ID
<39e408e14718f533edc6ed2de6ff41ed961c6e05.1790082176.git.erik@cervined.in>
In-Reply-To
<cover.1790082176.git.erik@cervined.in>
From: Erik Cervin-Edin <erik@cervined.in>

The fixup code path in prepare_to_commit() only knows how to take a message body from -m or -F. Now that the previous commit allows -m and -F for all --fixup variations, -c/-C are the odd ones out.

Teach the fixup path to look up the ref given to -c/-C and seed its message when preparing to amend the commit, mirroring what --fixup=amend does when no message source is given. With this in place, -m/-F/-c/-C all behave consistently across the plain, amend, and reword --fixup forms.

The incompatibility check grouping -C, -c, and --fixup can go away entirely, as -C and -c are already rejected together by the check that groups them with -m and -F.

Helped-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Signed-off-by: Erik Cervin-Edin <erik@cervined.in>
---
 Documentation/git-commit.adoc             |  9 ++--
 builtin/commit.c                          | 14 +++---
 t/t7500-commit-template-squash-signoff.sh | 60 +++++++++++++++++++++--
 3 files changed, 70 insertions(+), 13 deletions(-)
diff --git a/Documentation/git-commit.adoc b/Documentation/git-commit.adoc
index 61efd29e66..98c50a3be5 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-commit.adoc
+++ b/Documentation/git-commit.adoc
@@ -102,8 +102,8 @@ include::diff-context-options.adoc[]
 +
 The commit created by plain `--fixup=<commit>` has a title
 composed of "fixup!" followed by the title of _<commit>_,
-and is recognized specially by `git rebase --autosquash`. The `-m`
-or `-F` option may be used to supplement the log message
+and is recognized specially by `git rebase --autosquash`. The `-m`,
+`-F`, `-C`, or `-c` option may be used to supplement the log message
 of the created commit, but the additional commentary will be thrown
 away once the "fixup!" commit is squashed into _<commit>_ by
 `git rebase --autosquash`.
@@ -112,8 +112,9 @@ The commit created by `--fixup=amend:<commit>` is similar but its
 title is instead prefixed with "amend!". The log message of
 _<commit>_ is copied into the log message of the "amend!" commit and
 opened in an editor so it can be refined. The replacement message may
-also be supplied directly using `-m` or `-F`, bypassing the
-need to open an editor. When `git rebase
+also be supplied directly using `-m`, `-F`, or `-C`, bypassing the
+need to open an editor, or using `-c` to open the editor pre-populated
+with the referenced commit's message. When `git rebase
 --autosquash` squashes the "amend!" commit into _<commit>_, the log
 message of _<commit>_ is replaced by the refined log message from the
 "amend!" commit. It is an error for the "amend!" commit's log message
diff --git a/builtin/commit.c b/builtin/commit.c
index ffb8644653..25341cc3e7 100644
--- a/builtin/commit.c
+++ b/builtin/commit.c
@@ -849,9 +849,9 @@ static int prepare_to_commit(const char *index_file, const char *prefix,
 		hook_arg1 = "message";
 
 		/*
-		 * Only `-m` and `-F` are handled here. `-c`/`-C` are
-		 * incompatible with --fixup and have already errored out
-		 * during option parsing.
+		 * `-m`, `-F`, `-C`, and `-c` provide the message body.
+		 * If none was given and this is an amend, use the target
+		 * commit's body instead.
 		 */
 		if (have_option_m) {
 			strbuf_addbuf(&sb, &message);
@@ -863,6 +863,11 @@ static int prepare_to_commit(const char *index_file, const char *prefix,
 		} else if (logfile) {
 			if (strbuf_read_file(&sb, logfile, 0) < 0)
 				die_errno(_("could not read log file '%s'"), logfile);
+		} else if (use_message) {
+			struct commit *c = lookup_commit_reference_by_name(use_message);
+			if (!c)
+				die(_("could not lookup commit '%s'"), use_message);
+			prepare_amend_commit(c, &sb, &ctx);
 		} else if (!strcmp(fixup_prefix, "amend")) {
 			prepare_amend_commit(commit, &sb, &ctx);
 		}
@@ -1366,9 +1371,6 @@ static int parse_and_validate_options(int argc, const char *argv[],
 	}
 	if (fixup_message && squash_message)
 		die(_("options '%s' and '%s' cannot be used together"), "--squash", "--fixup");
-	die_for_incompatible_opt3(!!use_message, "-C",
-				  !!edit_message, "-c",
-				  !!fixup_message, "--fixup");
 	die_for_incompatible_opt4(have_option_m, "-m",
 				  !!edit_message, "-c",
 				  !!use_message, "-C",
diff --git a/t/t7500-commit-template-squash-signoff.sh b/t/t7500-commit-template-squash-signoff.sh
index 9b2ecb1356..de3221ea52 100755
--- a/t/t7500-commit-template-squash-signoff.sh
+++ b/t/t7500-commit-template-squash-signoff.sh
@@ -492,6 +492,62 @@ test_expect_success 'commit --fixup works with -F' '
 	EOF
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'commit --fixup works with -C' '
+	commit_for_rebase_autosquash_setup &&
+	git commit --fixup HEAD~ -C HEAD &&
+	test_commit_message HEAD <<-EOF
+	fixup! $(git log -1 --format=%s HEAD~2)
+
+	$(get_commit_msg HEAD~)
+	EOF
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'commit --fixup=amend: works with -c' '
+	commit_for_rebase_autosquash_setup &&
+	test_set_editor : &&
+	git commit --fixup=amend:HEAD -c HEAD~ &&
+	test_commit_message HEAD <<-EOF
+	amend! intermediate commit
+
+	target message subject line
+
+	target message body line 1
+	target message body line 2
+	EOF
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'commit --fixup=amend:HEAD with -C HEAD and without have the same message' '
+	commit_for_rebase_autosquash_setup &&
+	start=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+
+	git commit --fixup=amend:HEAD -C HEAD &&
+	git commit --fixup=amend:HEAD -C HEAD &&
+	git log -1 --pretty=%B >with-c &&
+
+	git reset --hard "$start" &&
+	test_set_editor : &&
+	git commit --fixup=amend:HEAD &&
+	git commit --fixup=amend:HEAD &&
+	git log -1 --pretty=%B >without-c &&
+
+	test_cmp with-c without-c
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'commit --fixup=amend: with -C copies full subject + body of squash commit' '
+	commit_for_rebase_autosquash_setup &&
+	git commit --squash HEAD~ -m "inner body" &&
+	echo "extra" >>foo &&
+	git add foo &&
+	git commit --fixup=amend:HEAD -C HEAD &&
+	test_commit_message HEAD <<-EOF
+	amend! squash! $(git log -1 --format=%s HEAD~3)
+
+	squash! $(git log -1 --format=%s HEAD~3)
+
+	inner body
+	EOF
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'commit --fixup=reword: works with -F' '
 	commit_for_rebase_autosquash_setup &&
 	echo "message from file" >msgfile &&
@@ -553,9 +609,7 @@ test_expect_success 'invalid message options when using --fixup' '
 	echo changes >>foo &&
 	echo "message" >log &&
 	git add foo &&
-	test_must_fail git commit --fixup HEAD~1 --squash HEAD~2 &&
-	test_must_fail git commit --fixup HEAD~1 -C HEAD~2 &&
-	test_must_fail git commit --fixup HEAD~1 -c HEAD~2
+	test_must_fail git commit --fixup HEAD~1 --squash HEAD~2
 '
 
 cat >expected-template <<EOF

-- 
2.55.0.770.g0473647dd8
Previous: erik@cervined.in
Message 13 of 13 in “commit: allow -m/-F with --fixup=amend: or reword:”
  1. 0/1 commit: allow -m/-F with --fixup=amend: or reword:erik@cervined.in, May 18, 2026
  2. 1/1 commit: allow -m/-F with --fixup=amend: or reword:erik@cervined.in, May 18, 2026
  3. Junio C HamanoMay 18, 2026
  4. Phillip WoodMay 18, 2026
  5. Erik Cervin EdinMay 24, 2026
  6. 0/2 commit: allow -m/-F/-c/-C for all --fixup variationserik@cervined.in, May 26, 2026
  7. 1/2 commit: allow -m/-F for all kinds of --fixuperik@cervined.in, May 26, 2026
  8. 2/2 commit: allow -c/-C for all kinds of --fixuperik@cervined.in, May 26, 2026
  9. Junio C HamanoAug 26, 2026
  10. Erik Cervin EdinSep 4, 2026
  11. 0/2 commit: allow -m/-F/-c/-C for all --fixup variationserik@cervined.in, Sep 22, 2026
  12. 1/2 commit: allow -m/-F for all kinds of --fixuperik@cervined.in, Sep 22, 2026
  13. 2/2 commit: allow -c/-C for all kinds of --fixuperik@cervined.in, Sep 22, 2026

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