Consist timestamps within a checkout/clone

Our use case: we commit some compiled objects to the repo, where compiling is either slow or requires software which is not always available.

Since upgrading Git 2.26.3 -> 2.32.4 (as part of Alpine Linux OS upgrade) we are noticing a change in build behaviour.

Now, after a "git clone" we find the Makefile intermittently attempting (and failing) some builds that are not intended.

Indeed, Make is acting reasonably as the source file is sometimes marginally newer than the destination (both checked out by Git), example below.

I've never had to consider consistency timestamps within a Git checkout until now.

It's entirely possible there's _never_ a guarantee of consistency here.

But then something has certainly changed in practice, as this fault has gone from never happening to now every couple of days.

Imaginging I can't be the first person to encounter this, I searched for existing threads or docs, but overwhemingly the results were question of Git tracking the timestamps (as part of the commit) which this is not; it's consistency within one checkout.

$ git clone --depth 1 file:///path/to/repo.git

$ stat winner.jpeg
  File: winner.jpeg
  Size: 258243          Blocks: 520        IO Block: 4096   regular file
Device: fd07h/64775d    Inode: 33696       Links: 1
Access: (0644/-rw-r--r--)  Uid: (  106/ luthier)   Gid: (  106/ luthier)
Access: 2022-10-31 16:05:17.756858496 +0000
Modify: 2022-10-31 16:05:17.756858496 +0000
Change: 2022-10-31 16:05:17.756858496 +0000
 Birth: -

$ stat winner.svg
  File: winner.svg
  Size: 52685           Blocks: 112        IO Block: 4096   regular file
Device: fd07h/64775d    Inode: 33697       Links: 1
Access: (0644/-rw-r--r--)  Uid: (  106/ luthier)   Gid: (  106/ luthier)
Access: 2022-10-31 16:05:17.766859030 +0000
Modify: 2022-10-31 16:05:17.766859030 +0000
Change: 2022-10-31 16:05:17.766859030 +0000
 Birth: -

Elsewhere in the repository, it's clear the timestamps are not consistent:

$ stat Makefile
  File: Makefile
  Size: 8369            Blocks: 24         IO Block: 4096   regular file
Device: fd07h/64775d    Inode: 33655       Links: 1
Access: (0644/-rw-r--r--)  Uid: (  106/ luthier)   Gid: (  106/ luthier)
Access: 2022-10-31 16:05:51.628660212 +0000
Modify: 2022-10-31 16:05:17.746857963 +0000
Change: 2022-10-31 16:05:17.746857963 +0000
 Birth: -