patchinfinite loop due to broken symlink

> git goes into an infinite loop due to broken symlink (minimal reproducer
> [0]).  Affected code is in function
> "resolve_ref_unsafe" in file refs.c - notice 'stat_ref'. There is comment
> about problem with race condition, hovewer in that case it's regular broken
> symlink which cause infinite loop.

> Possible patch could be something
> like this:
> 
> -------------------------------------------------------
> diff --git a/refs.c b/refs.c
> index e23542b..9efe8d2 100644
> --- a/refs.c
> +++ b/refs.c
> @@ -1356,6 +1356,7 @@ static struct ref_dir *get_loose_refs(struct
> ref_cache *refs)
>  /* We allow "recursive" symbolic refs. Only within reason, though */
>  #define MAXDEPTH 5
>  #define MAXREFLEN (1024)
> +#define MAXLOOP 1024
> 
>  /*
>   * Called by resolve_gitlink_ref_recursive() after it failed to read
> @@ -1482,6 +1483,7 @@ const char *resolve_ref_unsafe(const char
> *refname, int resolve_flags, unsigned
>         char buffer[256];
>         static char refname_buffer[256];
>         int bad_name = 0;
> +    int loop_counter = 0;
> 
>         if (flags)
>                 *flags = 0;
> @@ -1546,7 +1548,8 @@ const char *resolve_ref_unsafe(const char
> *refname, int resolve_flags, unsigned
>                 if (S_ISLNK(st.st_mode)) {
>                         len = readlink(path, buffer, sizeof(buffer)-1);
>                         if (len < 0) {
> -                               if (errno == ENOENT || errno == EINVAL)
> +                               if (loop_counter++ < MAXLOOP &&
> +                    (errno == ENOENT || errno == EINVAL))
>                                         /* inconsistent with lstat;
> retry */
>                                         goto stat_ref;
>                                 else
> @@ -1579,7 +1582,7 @@ const char *resolve_ref_unsafe(const char
> *refname, int resolve_flags, unsigned
>                  */
>                 fd = open(path, O_RDONLY);
>                 if (fd < 0) {
> -                       if (errno == ENOENT)
> +                       if (loop_counter++ < MAXLOOP && errno == ENOENT)
>                                 /* inconsistent with lstat; retry */
>                                 goto stat_ref;
>                         else
> -------------------------------------------------------
> 
> If I understand well that simple check of broken symlink is not possible
> due to race conditions.

> On 03/23/2015 05:04 PM, Petr Stodulka wrote:
>> git goes into an infinite loop due to broken symlink (minimal reproducer
>> [0]).  Affected code is in function
>> "resolve_ref_unsafe" in file refs.c - notice 'stat_ref'. There is comment
>> about problem with race condition, hovewer in that case it's regular broken
>> symlink which cause infinite loop.
> Thanks for the bug report. I can confirm the problem. In fact, I noticed
> the same problem when I was working on a refactoring in the area, but I
> still haven't submitted those patches. Luckily, modern Git doesn't use
> symlinks in the loose reference hierarchy, so most users will never
> encounter this problem.
>
> In fact I think it is only the open() call that can lead to the infinite
> loop. Meanwhile, there is another problem caused by falling through the
> symlink-handling code, namely that st reflects the lstat() of the
> symlink rather than the stat() of the file that it points to.
>
> My approach was to run stat() on the path if the symlink-handling code
> falls through. You can see my work in progress in my GitHub repo [1].
>

>> Possible patch could be something
>> like this:
>>
>> -------------------------------------------------------
>> diff --git a/refs.c b/refs.c
>> index e23542b..9efe8d2 100644
>> --- a/refs.c
>> +++ b/refs.c
>> @@ -1356,6 +1356,7 @@ static struct ref_dir *get_loose_refs(struct
>> ref_cache *refs)
>>   /* We allow "recursive" symbolic refs. Only within reason, though */
>>   #define MAXDEPTH 5
>>   #define MAXREFLEN (1024)
>> +#define MAXLOOP 1024
>>
>>   /*
>>    * Called by resolve_gitlink_ref_recursive() after it failed to read
>> @@ -1482,6 +1483,7 @@ const char *resolve_ref_unsafe(const char
>> *refname, int resolve_flags, unsigned
>>          char buffer[256];
>>          static char refname_buffer[256];
>>          int bad_name = 0;
>> +    int loop_counter = 0;
>>
>>          if (flags)
>>                  *flags = 0;
>> @@ -1546,7 +1548,8 @@ const char *resolve_ref_unsafe(const char
>> *refname, int resolve_flags, unsigned
>>                  if (S_ISLNK(st.st_mode)) {
>>                          len = readlink(path, buffer, sizeof(buffer)-1);
>>                          if (len < 0) {
>> -                               if (errno == ENOENT || errno == EINVAL)
>> +                               if (loop_counter++ < MAXLOOP &&
>> +                    (errno == ENOENT || errno == EINVAL))
>>                                          /* inconsistent with lstat;
>> retry */
>>                                          goto stat_ref;
>>                                  else
>> @@ -1579,7 +1582,7 @@ const char *resolve_ref_unsafe(const char
>> *refname, int resolve_flags, unsigned
>>                   */
>>                  fd = open(path, O_RDONLY);
>>                  if (fd < 0) {
>> -                       if (errno == ENOENT)
>> +                       if (loop_counter++ < MAXLOOP && errno == ENOENT)
>>                                  /* inconsistent with lstat; retry */
>>                                  goto stat_ref;
>>                          else
>> -------------------------------------------------------
>>
>> If I understand well that simple check of broken symlink is not possible
>> due to race conditions.
> This change also prevents the infinite loop, in fact in a more failproof
> way that doesn't depend on errno values being interpreted correctly. I
> would suggest a few stylistic changes, like for example here [2]. On the
> other hand, this change doesn't solve the lstat()/stat() problem.
>
> Nevertheless, I wouldn't object to a fix like this being accepted in
> addition to the stat() fix when it's ready. It doesn't hurt to wear both
> a belt *and* suspenders.
>
> Michael
>
> [1] https://github.com/mhagger/git, branch "wip/refactor-resolve-ref".
>      See especially commit d2425d8ac8cf73494b318078b92f5b1c510a68fb.
> [2] https://github.com/mhagger/git, branch "ref-broken-symlinks"
>