# How do you switch branches in a bare repo? 8 messages from 2010-03-12 to 2010-03-14. Participants: Adam Nielsen, Johannes Sixt, Michael Witten, Jonathan Nieder, Junio C Hamano. Thread: https://gitlist.dev/t/22995 ## Adam Nielsen, 2010-03-12 06:26 Subject: How do you switch branches in a bare repo? Message-ID: <4B99DEA2.6050104@uq.edu.au> URL: https://gitlist.dev/e/4B99DEA2.6050104%40uq.edu.au ``` Hi all, I want to remove some commits (with git reset) from a bare repo, but they're not in the master branch and I can't figure out how to change branches: $ git checkout newbranch fatal: This operation must be run in a work tree I've tried running the reset locally and pushing the change (with -f) but that doesn't work either, and Google isn't being much help. How do you switch between branches in a bare repo? Many thanks, Adam. (Please CC) ``` ## Johannes Sixt, 2010-03-12 06:57 Subject: Re: How do you switch branches in a bare repo? Message-ID: <4B99E5DD.3020005@viscovery.net> URL: https://gitlist.dev/e/4B99E5DD.3020005%40viscovery.net In-Reply-To: <4B99DEA2.6050104@uq.edu.au> ``` Adam Nielsen schrieb: > I want to remove some commits (with git reset) from a bare repo, but > they're not in the master branch and I can't figure out how to change > branches: > > $ git checkout newbranch > fatal: This operation must be run in a work tree > > I've tried running the reset locally and pushing the change (with -f) > but that doesn't work either, and Google isn't being much help. > > How do you switch between branches in a bare repo? You don't have to. This should work: git push -f . newbranch~2:newbranch will remove the last two commits at the tip of 'newbranch'. Of course, you can do the push from any other repository as long as you are allowed to do non-fast-forward pushes into the bare repository. -- Hannes ``` ## Adam Nielsen, 2010-03-12 07:12 Subject: Re: How do you switch branches in a bare repo? Message-ID: <4B99E957.60905@uq.edu.au> URL: https://gitlist.dev/e/4B99E957.60905%40uq.edu.au In-Reply-To: <4B99E5DD.3020005@viscovery.net> ``` >> How do you switch between branches in a bare repo? > > You don't have to. This should work: > > git push -f . newbranch~2:newbranch > > will remove the last two commits at the tip of 'newbranch'. > > Of course, you can do the push from any other repository as long as you > are allowed to do non-fast-forward pushes into the bare repository. Thanks for the suggestion! Unfortunately it looks like I'm not allowed to do non-fast-forward pushes into my own repository because I keep getting this error: error: denying non-fast-forward refs/heads/newbranch (you should pull first) ! [remote rejected] newbranch~2 -> newbranch (non-fast-forward) I tried using a + in front of the branch name as recommended by the manpage but it didn't change anything :-( Any further suggestions? Thanks again, Adam. ``` ## Johannes Sixt, 2010-03-12 07:34 Subject: Re: How do you switch branches in a bare repo? Message-ID: <4B99EE7C.4060902@viscovery.net> URL: https://gitlist.dev/e/4B99EE7C.4060902%40viscovery.net In-Reply-To: <4B99E957.60905@uq.edu.au> ``` Adam Nielsen schrieb: > Thanks for the suggestion! Unfortunately it looks like I'm not allowed > to do non-fast-forward pushes into my own repository because I keep > getting this error: > > error: denying non-fast-forward refs/heads/newbranch (you should pull > first) > ! [remote rejected] newbranch~2 -> newbranch (non-fast-forward) Perhaps non-fast-forwards are denied for a reason? If not, then you can enable them by setting receive.denynonfastforwards to false in the bare repository. -- Hannes ``` ## Adam Nielsen, 2010-03-12 07:38 Subject: Re: How do you switch branches in a bare repo? Message-ID: <4B99EF6F.90207@uq.edu.au> URL: https://gitlist.dev/e/4B99EF6F.90207%40uq.edu.au In-Reply-To: <4B99EE7C.4060902@viscovery.net> ``` > Perhaps non-fast-forwards are denied for a reason? > > If not, then you can enable them by setting receive.denynonfastforwards to > false in the bare repository. Ah, that did the trick! Although it was actually receive.denyNonFastforwards for me (adding the lowercase option had no effect, I had to edit the fancy-case version.) But that allowed the push to work and I have gotten rid of my unwanted commits, so thanks a lot for your help! Cheers, Adam. ``` ## Michael Witten, 2010-03-12 08:09 Subject: Re: [Improvement?] How do you switch branches in a bare repo? Message-ID: URL: https://gitlist.dev/e/b4087cc51003120009o7bd99609w996de02b732fbbd9%40mail.gmail.com In-Reply-To: <4B99DEA2.6050104@uq.edu.au> ``` On Fri, Mar 12, 2010 at 00:26, Adam Nielsen wrote: > Hi all, > > I want to remove some commits (with git reset) from a bare repo, but they're > not in the master branch and I can't figure out how to change branches: > > $ git checkout newbranch > fatal: This operation must be run in a work tree Commands like "git checkout" and "git reset" essentially operate on 2 aspects of a repository: (1) The repository's state. (2) The repository's working tree. Is there any reason why these commands can't just operate on (1) in a bare repository, thereby allowing users to use familiar commands to get their work done? The "git checkout" command in a bare repository should serve to select on which branch other commands (like "git reset") operate, etc. Michael Witten ``` ## Jonathan Nieder, 2010-03-12 16:48 Subject: Re: [Improvement?] How do you switch branches in a bare repo? Message-ID: <20100312164835.GA2303@progeny.tock> URL: https://gitlist.dev/e/20100312164835.GA2303%40progeny.tock In-Reply-To: ``` Michael Witten wrote: > Commands like "git checkout" and "git reset" essentially operate on 2 > aspects of a repository: > > (1) The repository's state. > (2) The repository's working tree. > > Is there any reason why these commands can't just operate on (1) in a > bare repository, thereby allowing users to use familiar commands to > get their work done? Not that I can think of. I’d say go for it. (I’ll be glad to help in any way I can. Not sure I’ll have much time soon, but I can answer questions, look over patches, and so on.) > The "git checkout" command in a bare repository should serve to select > on which branch other commands (like "git reset") operate, etc. My only worry would be low-level scripts that want to be able to use a separate index or work tree with a bare repository. Maybe the index file could be in a special "bare" state to request the semantics you’re describing. Jonathan ``` ## Junio C Hamano, 2010-03-14 06:52 Subject: Re: [Improvement?] How do you switch branches in a bare repo? Message-ID: <7v7hpfs8cc.fsf@alter.siamese.dyndns.org> URL: https://gitlist.dev/e/7v7hpfs8cc.fsf%40alter.siamese.dyndns.org In-Reply-To: ``` Michael Witten writes: > The "git checkout" command in a bare repository should serve to select > on which branch other commands (like "git reset") operate, etc. I am not so sure about the "should" part. The verb "checkout" is to move/copy something that is stored in somewhere to some other place, and in the context of git, you are copying out the contents that is stored in the repository (either the index or the tree of a commit) to the working tree. It is true that "git checkout branch" also switches HEAD while doing so, but that is done primarily so that the result of further working on the checked out files in the working tree will be recorded in that branch, but I tend to see that as secondary. "git checkout file" and "git checkout branch file" do not even touch the HEAD. I am more interested in the reason why you need to switch HEAD in a bare repository to begin with, though. If it is a one-shot thing, then I don't think it is too unreasonable to ask for people to learn symbolic-ref; if some valid workflow requires to flip the HEAD regularly, on the other hand, we might want to give the command to do so a shorter-to-type name than symbolic-ref, and that short name could be "checkout". ```