# negated list in .gitignore no fun 4 messages from 2008-12-18 to 2008-12-18. Participants: jidanni@jidanni.org, Linus Torvalds, Boyd Stephen Smith Jr.. Thread: https://gitlist.dev/t/16788 ## jidanni@jidanni.org, 2008-12-18 21:53 Subject: negated list in .gitignore no fun Message-ID: <87hc51tajw.fsf@jidanni.org> URL: https://gitlist.dev/e/87hc51tajw.fsf%40jidanni.org ``` I discovered git is so negative: it has very good .gitignore negative matching facilities, but not as good positive matching facilities. (Maybe positive glob lists are merely fed to git-add from the command line.) I had dreams of tracking only a few files in a large tree. I thought I would maintain that list as a negated list in .gitignore, and then always use "git-add ." to keep git's index reflecting my list. However that's just not possible. # head -n 5 .gitignore * !X11/xorg.conf !anacrontab !apt/apt.conf.d/10jidanni !apt/sources.list # git-add . But git-status only shows anacrontab got added. None of the files in the subdirectories get added. We continue, # sed -n s/^!//p .gitignore|xargs git-add #no help! # sed -n s/^!//p .gitignore|xargs -n 1 git-add #Geez. Finally worked. OK, I suppose my next step is just to rm .gitignore and just add any future files I want to add to my list one by one with git-add... like git was designed to do in the first place. OK, thanks. Bye. Next episode: some kind of middle ground with etckeeper. ``` ## Boyd Stephen Smith Jr., 2008-12-18 22:34 Subject: Re: negated list in .gitignore no fun Message-ID: <200812181634.51351.bss@iguanasuicide.net> URL: https://gitlist.dev/e/200812181634.51351.bss%40iguanasuicide.net In-Reply-To: <87hc51tajw.fsf@jidanni.org> ``` On Thursday 2008 December 18 15:53:23 jidanni@jidanni.org wrote: > # head -n 5 .gitignore > * > !X11/xorg.conf > !anacrontab > !apt/apt.conf.d/10jidanni > !apt/sources.list > # git-add . > But git-status only shows anacrontab got added. None of the files in > the subdirectories get added. That's by design. You've chosen to ignore those directories; they match "*" themselves. Thus, 'git add .' doesn't descend into them looking for files. I wouldn't want to change this behavior because I'll often use a "build" directory and put all generated files in it and just ignore that directory with a single line in .gitignore. I think the .gitignore you really want is: * !X11 !X11/xorg.conf !anacrontab !apt !apt/apt.conf.d !apt/apt.conf.d/10jidanni !apt/sources.list [...] But, I haven't tested that. -- Boyd Stephen Smith Jr.                     ,= ,-_-. =. bss@iguanasuicide.net                     ((_/)o o(\_)) ICQ: 514984 YM/AIM: DaTwinkDaddy           `-'(. .)`-' http://iguanasuicide.net/                      \_/     ``` ## Linus Torvalds, 2008-12-18 22:38 Subject: Re: negated list in .gitignore no fun Message-ID: URL: https://gitlist.dev/e/alpine.LFD.2.00.0812181429100.14014%40localhost.localdomain In-Reply-To: <87hc51tajw.fsf@jidanni.org> ``` On Fri, 19 Dec 2008, jidanni@jidanni.org wrote: > > I had dreams of tracking only a few files in a large tree. > I thought I would maintain that list as a negated list in .gitignore, > and then always use "git-add ." to keep git's index reflecting my list. > > However that's just not possible. > > # head -n 5 .gitignore > * > !X11/xorg.conf > !anacrontab > !apt/apt.conf.d/10jidanni > !apt/sources.list > # git-add . > But git-status only shows anacrontab got added. None of the files in > the subdirectories get added. Yeah, the problem is that the '*' matches the subdirectories (like "X11"), but the negative matching does not. So the subdirectory gets ignored, and as a result, git won't even traverse into it and notice that there's a file in there that shouldn't be ignored. It's actually logical, but not what you want. So you have several possibilities: (a) either create a .gitignore that looks like this: * !X11 !X11/xorg.conf !anacrontab !apt !apt/apt.conf.d !apt/apt.conf.d/10jidanni !apt/sources.list which should work around it by telling git that it shouldn't ignore the subdirectories. (b) realize that ".gitignore" only matters for files that git doesn't already know about, so if you only want to track a small set of files, what you _should_ do is just do a .gitignore that looks like this: * and then just force-add the few files you want to track, using something like git add -f X11/xorg.conf anacrontab apt/apt.conf.d/10jidanni apt/sources.list and now you're done - git won't ignore them, since explciitly you told git to track them. (c) Try to teach git to not ignore subdirectories leading up to non-ignored files, and give you the .gitignore semantics you like. I suspect it's not worth it, because the git behaviour is logical once you know about it and understand it. .. and possibly other things you could do too. Linus ``` ## Linus Torvalds, 2008-12-18 22:54 Subject: Re: negated list in .gitignore no fun Message-ID: URL: https://gitlist.dev/e/alpine.LFD.2.00.0812181452030.14014%40localhost.localdomain In-Reply-To: ``` On Thu, 18 Dec 2008, Linus Torvalds wrote: > > So you have several possibilities: > > (a) either create a .gitignore that looks like this: > > * > !X11 > !X11/xorg.conf > !anacrontab > !apt > !apt/apt.conf.d > !apt/apt.conf.d/10jidanni > !apt/sources.list > > which should work around it by telling git that it shouldn't ignore > the subdirectories. Oh, you should have a '/' there in the subdirectory marker too, because otherwise a file like 'X11/apt' would now match as a positive match. > (c) Try to teach git to not ignore subdirectories leading up to > non-ignored files, and give you the .gitignore semantics you like. I > suspect it's not worth it, because the git behaviour is logical once > you know about it and understand it. .. and because of subtle issues like this - negated entries are really quite complex enough as-is. Don't use them for anything subtle, you _will_ get them wrong regardless. Linus ```